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IGF1  -  insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C)

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: IBP1, IGF-I, IGF1A, IGFI, Insulin-like growth factor I, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of IGF1

 

Psychiatry related information on IGF1

 

High impact information on IGF1

 

Chemical compound and disease context of IGF1

 

Biological context of IGF1

  • Both aminoacid substitutions were located close to tyrosine phosphorylation motifs that are putative recognition sites for insulin and IGF1 signal transmission proteins [21].
  • Moreover, hIGF-1R-infected cells will be useful in investigating the mechanisms of IGF1-mediated signal transduction because they are now known to proliferate in response to IGF-1 [22].
  • These findings suggest that up-regulation of glucose transporter and IGF1 expression may contribute to estrogen's salutary effects on neural tissue [23].
  • H358 cells secrete a high level of amphiregulin that, in combination with IGF1, prevents serum deprivation apoptosis [3].
  • The insulin-like growth factors, IGF1 and IGF2, play a fundamental role in human fetal growth [24].
 

Anatomical context of IGF1

  • Long-term survival of most RGCs in culture can be promoted by a combination of trophic factors normally produced along the visual pathway, including BDNF, CNTF, IGF1, an oligodendrocyte-derived protein, and forskolin [25].
  • In this study we have exploited the high affinity and specificity of IGF-binding protein 4 (IGF-BP4) and IGF-BP5 for IGF1 and IGF2 to determine whether these growth factors are involved in the nerve sprouting reaction in paralyzed skeletal muscle [26].
  • In tissue culture experiments with sensory- and motoneurons we demonstrate that the neurite promoting activity of IGF1 is blocked by IGF-BP4, and that a similar IGF-BP-sensitive activity is detected in muscle extracts from paralyzed, but not from control muscle [26].
  • Activation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase by epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) was studied in the human mammary tumor cell line ZR-75-1 in isotonic buffers [27].
  • The chimeric proteins bound to the IGF1 receptors of the human lymphoblast IM-9, albeit with reduced affinity, and elicited some of the same biologic effects (increased glucose and amino acid uptake) in human KB cells as did human IGF1, but with reduced specific activity [28].
 

Associations of IGF1 with chemical compounds

  • Insulin, at 400 ng/ml only, increased HR by 36 +/- 10%, an effect simulated by lower concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) [29].
  • In contrast to the responses to EGF, insulin- and IGF1-activation of S6 kinase was enhanced when glucose was present and depended on the presence of bicarbonate in the medium [27].
  • This study provides novel data showing that Gluts 3 and 4 and IGF1 are coexpressed by primate cerebral cortical neurons, where their expression is enhanced by estrogen [23].
  • In addition, phosphorylation of PKCdelta and PKCzeta/lambda, but not of PKCalpha/beta(II), increases in serum-starved H358 cells and in H322 cells treated with an AR/IGF1 combination and is blocked by calphostin C [30].
  • The molecule with IGF1 attached after CH3 (CH3-IGF1) had reduced ability to carry out complement-mediated cytolysis [31].
  • The addition of these alphaVbeta3 ligands to SMCs grown in 5 mM glucose was sufficient to permit IGF-I-stimulated Shc phosphorylation and downstream signaling [32].
  • Whether the differences in the IGF-I response to GH between these children reflect differences in the respective anabolic (growth promotion) and metabolic (i.e. insulin action modulation) roles of circulating IGF-I is unknown [33].
  • Common genetic variation in IGF1 alters IGF-1 concentrations but is not associated with growth, glucose metabolism or type 1 diabetes [34].
 

Physical interactions of IGF1

  • In contrast, iodinated IGF-2 bound to a receptor where IGF-1 and IGF-2 were equipotent [35].
  • These data suggest that the positive charges in the C- and D-regions of IGF-1 contribute significantly to the binding preference of the IGF-1R for IGF-1 [36].
  • We show here that tIGF-I, a non-IGFBP-binding analogue of IGF-1, is a more potent mitogenic stimulator of the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT than IGF-I, suggesting that keratinocytes produce IGFBPs that modulate their response to IGF-I [37].
  • In this report, we demonstrate that IGF-1/insulin induced production of keratinocyte-derived autocrine growth factors that bind to the EGF receptor [38].
  • In the fetal circulation IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 appear to be the major binding proteins for IGF-1 [39].
 

Regulatory relationships of IGF1

 

Other interactions of IGF1

  • We used an IGF-1 analogue (des(1-3)IGF-I) with a > 100-fold reduction in affinity for IGFBP-1 as well as an IGFBP-1 mutant (WGD-IGFBP-1) which does not associate with the alpha5beta1 integrin to selectively abrogate each of these interactions [45].
  • Around midgestation a separate IGF-1 receptor, indicated by the preferential displacement of iodinated IGF-1 by IGF-1, appeared [35].
  • The signal for IGF-IA mRNA induction seems to be initiated via the monocyte AGE-receptor, and to be propagated in an autocrine fashion via either IL-1 beta or PDGF [46].
  • Insulin/IGF-1 cannot activate EGF receptor tyrosine kinase that has been inhibited by mAb 225 [47].
  • Messenger RNAs for IGF-1, IGF-2, and IGFBP-4 were detected by Northern analysis [48].
  • BRCA1 silencing by siRNA was used to investigate the effect of BRCA mutations on IGF-I protein expression [49].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IGF1

  • However, some animal studies and clinical trials have questioned whether elevating IGF1 chronically is beneficial [50].
  • Monoclonal antibodies to insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF1 and IGF2) were used to investigate their distribution in diabetic foot ulcers and surrounding tissues by immunohistochemistry, compared with diabetic and non-diabetic uninjured skin [4].
  • 50 to 80% of the patients respond to daily multiple subcutaneous injections with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) levels being normalised in about 40 to 50% of them [51].
  • Conversely, IGF1 and IGF2 overexpression potently increased cellular proliferation rates and the efficiency of tumor formation in mouse xenograft experiments, whereas the resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs such as taxol was unaltered [52].
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing failed to demonstrate an alteration in the region upstream the IGF1 start site in Pygmies [53].

References

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  4. Lack of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in the basal keratinocyte layer of diabetic skin and diabetic foot ulcers. Blakytny, R., Jude, E.B., Martin Gibson, J., Boulton, A.J., Ferguson, M.W. J. Pathol. (2000) [Pubmed]
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  18. Decreased dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate but normal insulin-like growth factor in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): relevance for the inflammatory response in CFS. Maes, M., Mihaylova, I., De Ruyter, M. Neuro Endocrinol. Lett. (2005) [Pubmed]
  19. Substrate specificities of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor tyrosine kinase catalytic domains. Xu, B., Bird, V.G., Miller, W.T. J. Biol. Chem. (1995) [Pubmed]
  20. Steroid-sensitive proteins, growth hormone and somatomedin C in prostatic cancer: effects of parenteral and oral estrogen therapy. Stege, R., Fröhlander, N., Carlström, K., Pousette, A., von Schoultz, B. Prostate (1987) [Pubmed]
  21. Aminoacid polymorphisms of insulin receptor substrate-1 in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Almind, K., Bjørbaek, C., Vestergaard, H., Hansen, T., Echwald, S., Pedersen, O. Lancet (1993) [Pubmed]
  22. Growth-promoting effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on hematopoietic cells: overexpression of introduced IGF-1 receptor abrogates interleukin-3 dependency of murine factor-dependent cells by a ligand-dependent mechanism. McCubrey, J.A., Steelman, L.S., Mayo, M.W., Algate, P.A., Dellow, R.A., Kaleko, M. Blood (1991) [Pubmed]
  23. Estrogen augments glucose transporter and IGF1 expression in primate cerebral cortex. Cheng, C.M., Cohen, M., Wang, J., Bondy, C.A. FASEB J. (2001) [Pubmed]
  24. Insulin-like growth factor 2 and overgrowth: molecular biology and clinical implications. Morison, I.M., Reeve, A.E. Molecular medicine today. (1998) [Pubmed]
  25. Characterization of the signaling interactions that promote the survival and growth of developing retinal ganglion cells in culture. Meyer-Franke, A., Kaplan, M.R., Pfrieger, F.W., Barres, B.A. Neuron (1995) [Pubmed]
  26. Role of muscle insulin-like growth factors in nerve sprouting: suppression of terminal sprouting in paralyzed muscle by IGF-binding protein 4. Caroni, P., Schneider, C., Kiefer, M.C., Zapf, J. J. Cell Biol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  27. Role of extracellular electrolytes in the activation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase by epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, and insulin in ZR-75-1 cells. Novak-Hofer, I., Küng, W., Eppenberger, U. J. Cell Biol. (1988) [Pubmed]
  28. Expression and characterization of an antibody binding specificity joined to insulin-like growth factor 1: potential applications for cellular targeting. Shin, S.U., Morrison, S.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1990) [Pubmed]
  29. Regulation of lipoprotein lipase in primary cultures of isolated human adipocytes. Kern, P.A., Marshall, S., Eckel, R.H. J. Clin. Invest. (1985) [Pubmed]
  30. Cooperation of amphiregulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 inhibits Bax- and Bad-mediated apoptosis via a protein kinase C-dependent pathway in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Hurbin, A., Coll, J.L., Dubrez-Daloz, L., Mari, B., Auberger, P., Brambilla, C., Favrot, M.C. J. Biol. Chem. (2005) [Pubmed]
  31. Functional properties of antibody insulin-like growth factor fusion proteins. Shin, S.U., Friden, P., Moran, M., Morrison, S.L. J. Biol. Chem. (1994) [Pubmed]
  32. Hyperglycemia alters the responsiveness of smooth muscle cells to insulin-like growth factor-I. Maile, L.A., Capps, B.E., Ling, Y., Xi, G., Clemmons, D.R. Endocrinology (2007) [Pubmed]
  33. The insulin-like growth factor-I response to growth hormone is increased in prepubertal children with obesity and tall stature. Bouhours-Nouet, N., Gatelais, F., Boux de Casson, F., Rouleau, S., Coutant, R. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. (2007) [Pubmed]
  34. Association analysis of the IGF1 gene with childhood growth, IGF-1 concentrations and type 1 diabetes. Vella, A., Bouatia-Naji, N., Heude, B., Cooper, J.D., Lowe, C.E., Petry, C., Ring, S.M., Dunger, D.B., Todd, J.A., Ong, K.K. Diabetologia (2008) [Pubmed]
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  36. Positively charged side chains in the insulin-like growth factor-1 C- and D-regions determine receptor binding specificity. Zhang, W., Gustafson, T.A., Rutter, W.J., Johnson, J.D. J. Biol. Chem. (1994) [Pubmed]
  37. A keratinocyte cell line synthesizes a predominant insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP-3) that modulates insulin-like growth factor-I action. Wraight, C.J., Murashita, M.M., Russo, V.C., Werther, G.A. J. Invest. Dermatol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  38. Induction of autocrine epidermal growth factor receptor ligands in human keratinocytes by insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1. Vardy, D.A., Kari, C., Lazarus, G.S., Jensen, P.J., Zilberstein, A., Plowman, G.D., Rodeck, U. J. Cell. Physiol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  39. Chromatographic characterization of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in human pregnancy serum. Wang, H.S., Chard, T. J. Endocrinol. (1992) [Pubmed]
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  41. Transactivation of the EGF receptor mediates IGF-1-stimulated shc phosphorylation and ERK1/2 activation in COS-7 cells. Roudabush, F.L., Pierce, K.L., Maudsley, S., Khan, K.D., Luttrell, L.M. J. Biol. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
  42. Insulin-like growth factor-1 regulates endogenous RUNX2 activity in endothelial cells through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ERK-dependent and Akt-independent signaling pathway. Qiao, M., Shapiro, P., Kumar, R., Passaniti, A. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  43. Endogenous prostaglandin E2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 can modulate the levels of parathyroid hormone receptor in human osteoarthritic osteoblasts. Hilal, G., Massicotte, F., Martel-Pelletier, J., Fernandes, J.C., Pelletier, J.P., Lajeunesse, D. J. Bone Miner. Res. (2001) [Pubmed]
  44. Interaction of scaffolding adaptor protein Gab1 with tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 negatively regulates IGF-I-dependent myogenic differentiation via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Koyama, T., Nakaoka, Y., Fujio, Y., Hirota, H., Nishida, K., Sugiyama, S., Okamoto, K., Yamauchi-Takihara, K., Yoshimura, M., Mochizuki, S., Hori, M., Hirano, T., Mochizuki, N. J. Biol. Chem. (2008) [Pubmed]
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  48. Insulinlike growth factor-binding protein modulates the growth response to insulinlike growth factor 1 by human gastric cancer cells. Guo, Y.S., Beauchamp, R.D., Jin, G.F., Townsend, C.M., Thompson, J.C. Gastroenterology (1993) [Pubmed]
  49. Intratumoral IGF-I protein expression is selectively upregulated in breast cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. Hudelist, G., Wagner, T., Rosner, M., Fink-Retter, A., Gschwantler-Kaulich, D., Czerwenka, K., Kroiss, R., Tea, M., Pischinger, K., Köstler, W.J., Attems, J., Mueller, R., Blaukopf, C., Kubista, E., Hengstschläger, M., Singer, C.F. Endocr. Relat. Cancer (2007) [Pubmed]
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