Disease relevance of IL15

• A role for IL-15 in driving the onset of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis [1]?
• RT-PCR demonstrated that the chicken IL-15 gene is expressed in many tissues including spleen, intestine, and muscle and in established macrophage, T lymphoma and fibroblast cell lines [2].
• Resistance to intestinal coccidiosis following DNA immunization with the cloned 3-1E Eimeria gene plus IL-2, IL-15, and IFN-gamma [3].

High impact information on IL15

• Using real-time quantitative RT-PCR, we characterized the expression of IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and IL-18 in thyroids from OS birds and control CB line birds, both in the embryo just before hatch (embryonic day 20) and at 3 and 5 days posthatch [1].
• IL-15 was also shown to be up-regulated in spleens of OS birds at embryonic day 20 and 5 days posthatch, suggesting that IL-15 is constitutively up-regulated in this line of birds [1].
• Flow cytometric analysis of duodenum intraepithelial lymphocytes showed chickens that received the pcDNA3-1E vaccine simultaneously with the IL-8 or IL-15 genes had significantly increased CD3+ cells compared with vaccination using pcDNA3-1E alone or in combination with the other cytokine genes tested [4].
• Parasite replication was significantly reduced in chickens given the pcDNA3-1E vaccine along with 10 microg of the IL-8, lymphotactin, IFN-gamma, IL-15, TGF-beta4, or IL-1beta plasmids compared with chickens given the pcDNA3-1E vaccine alone [4].
• Continuous culture of spleen Con A lymphoblasts with chicken IL-15 over two months resulted in an enriched T lymphocyte population expressing the gammadeltaTCR, CD8alpha, and CD3 cell surface antigens [2].

Biological context of IL15

• Subcutaneous injection with an expression plasmid encoding IL-15 increased the percentage of CD3+ spleen T-lymphocytes whereas injection of an IL-2 cDNA augmented CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, T-cell receptor (TCR)1+, and TCR2+ T-cells [5].
• Collectively, these results indicate that chicken IL-15 and IL-2 are T-cell growth factors potentially capable of enhancing cell-mediated immunity in vivo [5].
• The chicken IL-15 cDNA contains an open reading frame of 143 amino acids with a single potential N-linked glycosylation site [2].
• Amino acid and nucleotide sequence analyses of chicken IL-15 revealed 31% and 46% identity with bovine IL-15 respectively and lesser homologies to other mammalian IL-15s [2].

Anatomical context of IL15

• CHO-K1 cells transfected with the chicken IL-15 cDNA secreted a biologically active protein supporting the growth of Con A activated spleen lymphocytes [2].

Associations of IL15 with chemical compounds

• Chicken IL-15 contained all 4 highly conserved cysteine residues present in mammalian IL-15 sequences [2].

Other interactions of IL15

• In contrast, CD4(+) cells only expressed highest levels of IL-10 after E. acervulina infection, whereas these cells produced abundant transcripts for IFN-gamma, IL-3, IL-15, and MIF after E. tenella infection [6].
• When lymphocyte subpopulations were similarly analyzed, IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, IL-15, and MIF were most highly increased in TCR2(+) cells following E. acervulina infection, while TCR1(+) cells only expressed high levels of IL-16 following E. tenella infection [6].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IL15

• Northern hybridization and RT-PCR demonstrated chicken IL-15 gene transcripts in a wide variety of tissues and cell types while the chicken IL-2 gene was expressed only in concanavalin A (con A)-activated spleen cells [5].

References