Disease relevance of Coccidiosis

• The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Eimeria acervulina infection (duodenal coccidiosis) on cadmium (Cd) toxicity and zinc (Zn) status in the young chick [1].
• However, levamisole given at .25 mg/kg body weight by IP injection 3 days prior to the coccidiosis vaccine resulted in the greatest potentiation of the immune response [2].
• Estradiol plus progesterone (EP) implants have been shown to favorably alter the time course or decrease the severity of many of the clinical manifestations associated with coccidiosis and endotoxemia in calves [3].
• The numbers of confirming studies on individual diseases and vitamins deemed to be reasonably adequate to demonstrate specific interactions were limited to vitamin A in coccidiosis, in ascariasis, and probably in infectious coryza and of vitamin K in coccidiosis [4].
• Sulphaquinoxaline in the diet for four days was shown to achieve at least an 85 per cent higher blood level than nine other sulphonamides in chicks, and the efficacies of various trimethoprim/sulphaquinoxaline regimes in the diet or in the drinking water were demonstrated against pasteurellosis, colisepticaemia and five kinds of coccidiosis [5].

High impact information on Coccidiosis

• Nicarbazin, a drug used to control the protozoal disease coccidiosis in poultry, is a complex of the highly insoluble drug 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide with 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine [6].
• Amprolium for coccidiosis in AIDS [7].
• Intestinal coccidiosis in a 6-mo-old infant terminated fatally after 30 wk of continuous total parenteral nutrition, and proved refractory to treatment with antibiotics, hydrocortisone, and antimetabolic agents [8].
• The possible relationship between malabsorption, immunodeficiency, coccidiosis, metronidazole, and malignancy is reviewed [9].
• From oocysts of the protozoan parasite Eimeria tenella, responsible for avian coccidiosis, we have partially purified and characterized a novel enzymic activity which specifically phosphorylates guanosine to GMP [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Coccidiosis

• Effects of immunosuppression on avian coccidiosis: cyclosporin A but not hormonal bursectomy abrogates host protective immunity [11].
• Monensin, a carboxylic acid ionophore, is commonly fed to poultry to control coccidiosis [12].
• Comparative studies on the efficacy of sulphachlorpyrazine and toltrazuril for the treatment of caecal coccidiosis in chickens [13].
• Lerbek, a synergistic mixture of methyl benzoquate and clopidol for the prevention of chicken coccidiosis [14].
• Lasalocid in prevention of turkey coccidiosis [15].

Biological context of Coccidiosis

• Spleen lymphocytes from E. acervulina-immune chickens showed antigen-specific proliferation and interferon (IFN)-gamma production upon stimulation with the recombinant 3-1E protein, indicating that the protein activates cell-mediated immunity during coccidiosis [16].

Anatomical context of Coccidiosis

• The effect of feeding a Lactobacillus-based probiotic on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) subpopulations and subsequent protection against coccidiosis was investigated in broiler chickens [17].
• Alteration of neutrophil function associated with coccidiosis in cattle: influence of decoquinate and dexamethasone [18].

Gene context of Coccidiosis

• These results confirm the role of IFN-gamma in resistance to coccidiosis and further emphasise the complexity of the immune response in this disease [19].
• In comparative studies of coccidiosis in chickens, in-vivo and in-vitro studies revealed that interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor and transforming growth factor-beta are induced following Eimeria infection [20].
• These results provide the first direct evidence that chIFN-gamma exerts an inhibitory effect against Eimeria and provides a rational basis for use of this cytokine as a vaccine adjuvant against coccidiosis [21].
• Large White male turkeys were raised to 20 wk of age on diets with varying kinds and levels of coccidiosis drug protection [22].
• If hsp70 is mandatory for parasite survival, it may prove to be an appropriate antigen for a vaccine against bovine coccidiosis [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Coccidiosis

• Chemoprophylaxis of coccidiosis in lambs with a single oral dose of toltrazuril [24].
• Birds that received levamisole by intraperitoneal (IP) injection had better weight gains for 3 weeks following coccidiosis vaccination and improved resistance to challenge with Eimeria tenella when compared with vaccinated chickens that did not receive levamisole [2].
• Chemotherapy of caecal coccidiosis: efficacy of toltrazuril, sulphaquinoxaline/pyrimethamine and amprolium/ethopabate, given in drinking water, against field isolates of Eimeria tenella [25].

References