Disease relevance of Injections, Subcutaneous

• We treated five patients who had thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas with the long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995, which was administered by subcutaneous injection in doses of 50 to 100 micrograms every 8 to 12 hours [1].
• Two weeks later, 30 animals in each group received a subcutaneous injection of azoxymethane (15 mg/kg body weight); 1 week later, they received a second injection [2].
• METHODS: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12 week study assessed the efficacy and safety of etanercept (25 mg twice-weekly subcutaneous injections) or placebo in 60 patients with psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis [3].
• CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with G-CSF administered by subcutaneous injection is well tolerated and effective for improving the neutropenia, and less commonly the transfusion-dependent anemia, over 6 to 8 weeks in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes [4].
• The subcutaneous injection of arachidonic acid (200-400 mg/kg per day) into pregnant diabetic rats during the period of organ differentiation (days 6-12) did not alter the maternal glucose concentration, the maternal weight gain, or the weight of the embryos [5].

Psychiatry related information on Injections, Subcutaneous

• RESULTS: The auditory threshold shifts and hair cell loss were similar to the pathology observed following subcutaneous injections of gentamicin [6].
• Starting 3 weeks later, locomotor activity was tested after subcutaneous injection of saline, nicotine (0.4 mg/kg base), amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) or scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg) [7].
• 6-OHDA-treated rats showed deficits in drinking behavior when challenged with subcutaneous injections of angiotensin II (AII) and hypertonic sodium chloride [8].
• These were: intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) renin, i.c.v. angiotensin II, i.c.v. carbachol, subcutaneous isoproterenol, intravenous hypertonic saline, water deprivation for 24 h or subcutaneous injection of polyethylene glycol [9].
• Rats were adrenalectomized, subjected to 48 h of food deprivation with/without dexamethasone (5 mg/ kg, 4 subcutaneous injections with 12 h intervals), and the brain slices were processed for NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH- d) staining, a histochemical marker for nNOS in neuronal cells [10].

High impact information on Injections, Subcutaneous

• Retrospective studies have shown that such reactions are more common in diabetic patients receiving daily subcutaneous injections of protamine-insulin preparations [11].
• We studied the antifertility effects of a potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, D-Trp6-Pro9-N-ethylamide-LHRH (LHRHA) in eight normal men, who received daily subcutaneous injections for six to 10 weeks [12].
• Development of murine corticotroph tumors, generated by subcutaneous injection of ACTH-secreting AtT20 cells, was prevented in four of five mice treated with the thiazolidinedione compound rosiglitazone, and ACTH and corticosterone secretion was suppressed in all treated mice [13].
• Subcutaneous injections of melatonin have been shown to inhibit, and pinealectomy to enhance, the development of dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumours in rats [14].
• Administration of a potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist [Nac-L-Ala1,pCl-D-Phe2,D-Trp3,6]GnRH as a single subcutaneous injection to castrated adult male rats reduced, by more than 90 percent, both serum luteinizing hormone concentrations and specific pituitary GnRH receptor binding [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Injections, Subcutaneous

• INTERVENTION: An intravenous bolus of heparin followed by a subcutaneous injection of heparin in doses adjusted for body weight [16].
• Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were compared after subcutaneous injections of 0.2 U/kg body weight of regular biosynthetic human insulin or regular purified pork insulin in a double-blind randomized crossover trial [17].
• Male Wistar rats received two subcutaneous injections of either 0, 85, 170, or 340 mg isoproterenol per kilogram of body weight [18].
• Zoladex, a sustained-release luteinizing hormone--releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue administered by subcutaneous injection every 28 days, was evaluated at three dose levels in 46 men with untreated advanced prostate cancer [19].
• PATIENTS AND METHODS: From June 1992 to August 1993, 20 stage IIIB (n = 7) and IV (n = 13) breast cancer patients received 78 cycles of induction with doxorubicin 90 mg/m2 by intravenous (IV) bolus with G-CSF 5 microg/kg/d by subcutaneous injection (SC) repeated every 14 to 21 days for four cycles [20].

Biological context of Injections, Subcutaneous

• Three subcutaneous injection of 1 milligram of this antagonist into rats during proestrus completely suppressed ovulation, while a single injection of 1.5 milligrams per rat inhibited 95.3 percent of the preovulatory surge of LH, 84.2 percent of the FSH surge, and suppressed ovulation by 86.4 percent [21].
• Single subcutaneous injection of iothalamate sodium I 125 to measure glomerular filtration rate [22].
• While subcutaneous injections transiently increased activated partial thromboplastin time, neither mode of continuous delivery altered coagulation [23].
• The effect of intracerebroventricular injection of the mitosis inhibitor colchicine and of immobilization stress, subcutaneous injection of capsaicin, and intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic salt solution on expression of c-Fos-like immunoreactivity was studied in the rat brain with immunohistochemistry [24].
• Pharmacokinetics and effects of recombinant human erythropoietin after intravenous and subcutaneous injections in healthy volunteers [25].

Anatomical context of Injections, Subcutaneous

• Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of IL-4 into one CLL patient enhances Bcl-2 protein expression in the leukemic B cells [26].
• Monocytes in the peripheral blood of the op/op mice were significantly increased in number after subcutaneous injections of the factor two or three times a day [27].
• In mice, subcutaneous injection with an oligonucleotide antisense to the murine IL-1 receptor markedly inhibited the infiltration of neutrophils in response to subsequent injection of IL-1 [28].
• Peripheral T-cell tolerance induced in naive and primed mice by subcutaneous injection of peptides from the major cat allergen Fel d I [29].
• After intact, cycling female mice received subcutaneous injections of antipain and leupeptin for 16 days, their uteri showed significant diminution in weight and total DNA when compared to untreated controls [30].

Associations of Injections, Subcutaneous with chemical compounds

• Single subcutaneous injections of 50 microng of protamine zinc somatostatin raised preprandial blood glucose levels to 83+/-3 mg per deciliter for four to five days although preprandial hormone levels were unchanged [31].
• Tumor hemorrhagic necrosis and regression failed to occur in mice that were given a subcutaneous injection of cortisone acetate or dexamethasone 12 h before being giving endotoxin [32].
• However, mice given a single subcutaneous injection of 30 micrograms 115 kD glycoprotein in saline were completely protected against lethal challenges of HSV-I administered intraperitoneally or in the footpad 7 d after immunization [33].
• Subcutaneous injection of p17 (a peptide consisting of 17 NH2-terminal aminoacids of MBP) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) causes paralysis [34].
• To test this possibility in vivo, rats (group 2) were given a 4% calcium (in the form of CaCO3) supplemented diet to increase delivery of Ca++ to the kidney and administered single daily subcutaneous injections of gentamicin, 100 mg/kg, for 10 d [35].

Gene context of Injections, Subcutaneous

• Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of sCD40L in severe combined immunodeficient and nude mice induced VEGF expression and marked angiogenesis in vivo [36].
• In vivo, C1498/B7-1 grew progressively after subcutaneous injection, whereas C1498/B7-2 completely regressed after transient growth in naive mice [37].
• In addition, we examined the role of ATF2 in tumor formation by subcutaneous injection of CEFs into chickens [38].
• Furthermore, we studied the effect on bone turnover of a single subcutaneous injection of GLP-2 in four different dosages (100, 200, 400, or 800 microg GLP-2) or placebo in 60 postmenopausal women (mean age, 61 +/- 5 years) [39].
• Mice were treated with subcutaneous injections of either vehicle or BX471, a nonpeptide CCR1 antagonist, three times a day from week 20 to 24 of age [corrected] [40].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Injections, Subcutaneous

• METHODS: Immediately after ovariectomy, mice received daily subcutaneous injections of 0.5 microg estrone (E1) (an estrogenic hormone) [41].
• Serum concentrations of serum amyloid A protein, the high-density-lipoprotein-associated tissue amyloid A precursor, were determined in 29 diabetic patients receiving insulin by subcutaneous injection and in 50 receiving subcutaneous infusion pump therapy [42].
• METHODS: In a double-blind study, we randomly assigned 2275 consecutive patients aged 18 years or older who were undergoing elective hip-replacement surgery to receive postoperative subcutaneous injections of either 2.5 mg fondaparinux once daily or 30 mg enoxaparin twice daily [43].
• METHODS: Treatment efficacy was assessed by measuring changes in tumour volume by magnetic resonance imaging, and serum growth hormone and IGF-1 concentrations in 152 patients who received pegvisomant by daily subcutaneous injection for up to 18 months [44].
• To evaluate the clinical safety and hematopoietic effects of this hybrid cytokine, PIXY321 was administered by subcutaneous injection twice daily at doses of 25 to 1,000 micrograms/m2/day over 14 days to 24 patients with sarcoma before chemotherapy as part of a phase I trial [45].

References