Disease relevance of CP

• Glutathione may thus function to shuttle the metal from the membrane copper pump, as the Wilson disease ATPase, and ceruloplasmin in the secretory compartments of the cell [1].
• All the treatments increased whole blood copper levels and plasma caeruloplasmin (ferroxidase) activity in ewes, and protected their lambs from swayback [2].
• The concentrations of plasma ceruloplasmin, plasma fibrinogen, serum haptoglobin and the major cell types in blood together with liveweight changes were monitored during the acute phase response in sheep [3].
• The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, zinc, iron and calcium, which are the indicators of immune function and infectious diseases were analysed [4].

High impact information on CP

• The data presented here indicate a direct relationship between the extent of inhibition of agonist-triggered endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation and CP-induced enrichment of the copper content of endothelial cells [5].
• The subcellular distribution of the metal seems to be of relevance to the inhibitory effect of CP, because it was mimicked by copper chelates, like copper-histidine, able to selectively enrich the cytosolic fraction of cells, but not by copper salts, which preferentially located the metal to the particulate fraction [5].
• The reactivity with dioxygen of a mammalian (sheep) ceruloplasmin, anaerobically reduced with ascorbate, was found to depend on the state of the Type 2 and Type 3 copper centers, as monitored by EPR and optical spectroscopy [6].
• Overall, the structure and expression of sCP appeared similar to other mammals, suggesting that abnormalities in CP were not responsible for the unusual sheep copper phenotype [7].
• Northern blot analysis of sheep tissue revealed that the sheep ceruloplasmin gene (sCP) was expressed primarily in the liver, but low levels of mRNA were detected in the hypothalamus, spleen and uterus [7].

Biological context of CP

• Ceruloplasmin activity, total plasma copper and hematocrit were lower in zinc-supplemented sheep [8].
• Peripheral plasma or serum concentrations of haptoglobin, seromucoid, ceruloplasmin and 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) were measured up to six weeks postpartum [9].
• The data presented in this paper constitute the first evidence of impairment of the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation by a plasma protein and may shed some light on the still uncertain physiological role of ceruloplasmin [10].
• At the dose level given serum inorganic phosphorus was not significantly increased and packed cell volume, serum proteins and ceruloplasmin concentrations remained constant [11].

Anatomical context of CP

• Internalization of sheep ceruloplasmin occurred with either endothelium or Kupffer cells [12].
• Injections of T3 did not affect serum antibody titers to IBRV, blood leukocyte counts, or plasma free fatty acid, ceruloplasmin, and cholesterol concentrations but increased (P < .05) plasma glucose concentrations and decreased (P < .05) plasma urea N concentrations [13].
• Acute phase response of sheep: changes in the concentrations of ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, haptoglobin and the major blood cell types associated with pulmonary damage [3].
• Ceruloplasmin at physiological, i.e., micromolar, concentrations inhibited relaxation of rabbit aorta induced by endothelium-dependent agonists like acetylcholine or ADP, whereas it was ineffective toward vasodilation due to direct stimulation of smooth muscle cells by nitroglycerin [10].

Associations of CP with chemical compounds

• Dietary CP and digestible protein (DP) were closely related (DP = .879[CP%] -3.66; r2 = .91), indicating that for urea, CM and BC total tract N digestibility was not influenced by theoretical ruminal degradability [14].
• Trichloroacetic acid soluble Cu, ceruloplasmin and superoxide dismutase activities in the plasma of ewes were decreased (P less than .05) by TTM [15].
• 1. The effect of acute duodenal infusion of 99Mo-labelled sodium tetrathiomolybdate on caeruloplasmin (ferroxidase; EC 1.16.3.1) was examined in sheep [16].
• Changes in blood ceruloplasmin and SGOT levels and in the comparative rate of accumulation of liver copper indicated that the addition of ammonium molybdate to the concentrate diet might be a useful method of reducing the risk of nutritional copper poisoning in housed sheep [17].
• However, oestradiol-treated ewes had lower plasma concentrations of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin F2alpha (P<0.01), alpha1-acid glycoprotein (P<0.05) and ceruloplasmin (P<0.001); but, not haptoglobin [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CP

• The thermal stability of ceruloplasmin, as studied by differential scanning calorimetry, was affected by calcium but not by magnesium [19].
• In a group of 76 clinically healthy human volunteers, we found a high correlation (r = 0.997, p less than 0.001) between the ceruloplasmin oxidase activities in serum (mean 127.2 U/l) and plasma (mean 124.0 U/l) [20].
• The responses of ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen and haptoglobin were closely correlated (r = 0.87 to 0.91) in the yeast-injected sheep with peaks on days 5 or 7 after treatment (4, 4.6 and over 130 times control, respectively) [21].
• After ovariectomy there was a decrease in liver copper and ceruloplasmin which was prevented by treatment with oestrogens but not with progesterone [22].

References