High impact information on MGC84348

• Raf-1 kinase is essential for early Xenopus development and mediates the induction of mesoderm by FGF [1].
• These results demonstrate that the FGF signaling pathway plays an important role in early embryogenesis, particularly in the formation of the posterior and lateral mesoderm [2].
• We have explored the role of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) in early Xenopus development by expressing a dominant negative mutant form of the FGF receptor [2].
• An antisense mRNA directs the covalent modification of the transcript encoding fibroblast growth factor in Xenopus oocytes [3].
• In Xenopus, normal mesoderm formation depends on signalling through the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) tyrosine kinase receptor [4].

Biological context of MGC84348

• Blocking the activin signal transduction pathway also reveals autonomous induction of a neural marker and unmasks a relationship between activin and fibroblast growth factor [5].
• Following recent reports implicating transforming growth factor-beta 2-like and fibroblast growth factor-like factors in mesoderm induction, this indicates that a different type of signal molecule (working through a nuclear receptor, not a plasma membrane receptor) might mediate inductive cell interactions during early embryonic development [6].
• Collectively, these results show that the cytoplasmic domain of XLerk has a signaling function that is important for cell adhesion, and fibroblast growth factor signaling modulates this function [7].
• To evaluate the role of MAPK in posterior regionalization, ectodermal isolates were treated with increasing concentrations of FGF and assayed for MAPK activity and neurectoderm-specific gene expression [8].
• In addition, we identified a region in the cytoplasmic tail of ephrin B1 that is critical for interaction with the FGF receptor; we also report FGF-induced phosphorylation of ephrins in a neural tissue [9].

Anatomical context of MGC84348

• Explants from embryos expressing this dominant negative mutant failed to induce mesoderm in response to FGF [2].
• This signal can respecify Xenopus prospective ectoderm as mesoderm, and can be mimicked by members of the fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta families [10].
• We report here that a dominant inhibitory ras mutant blocks the mesoderm-inducing activity of fibroblast growth factor and activin, as well as the endogenous inducing activity of prospective endoderm [10].
• This signal, from Spemann's organizer, cannot be mimicked by the mesoderm inducers activin and fibroblast growth factor [11].
• In morphant ectoderm explants, mesoderm responsiveness to FGF is extended from blastula to gastrula stages [12].

Associations of MGC84348 with chemical compounds

• Like other FGF receptors, the Xenopus homolog is a membrane-spanning protein with a split intracellular tyrosine kinase domain [13].
• QSulf1, a heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase, inhibits fibroblast growth factor signaling in mesoderm induction and angiogenesis [14].
• In the eye, ventral specification involves Hh signaling, but the roles of RA and FGF signaling are less clear [15].
• In the developing spinal cord and telencephalon, ventral patterning involves the interplay of Hedgehog (Hh), Retinoic Acid (RA) and Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) signaling [15].
• We have studied the response of Xenopus blastula ectoderm to fibroblast growth factor and to lithium ion [16].

Regulatory relationships of MGC84348

• Ectopic Xbra can induce Xegr-1 transcription by an indirect mechanism that appears to operate via primary activation of fibroblast growth factor secretion [17].

Other interactions of MGC84348

• Blocking Swift function affects neither bone morphogenic protein nor fibroblast growth factor signaling during early development [18].
• In neuralized animal cap explants, XMeis3-antimorph protein modified caudalization by basic fibroblast growth factor and Wnt3a [19].
• Previous work established that 14-3-3 proteins are required in early Xenopus laevis development by modulating fibroblast growth factor signaling [20].
• This sequential process is governed by the activation and regulation of Notch-related molecular oscillators by fibroblast growth factor and retinoic acid (RA) signaling [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of MGC84348

• We have utilized the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based differential display methodology (Liang, P., and Pardee, A. B. (1992) Science 257, 967-969) to identify a novel transcript whose expression levels increased in Xenopus embryo explants during mesoderm induction by fibroblast growth factor [22].
• In co-immunoprecipitation assays, this receptor is capable of forming homomeric complexes and can interact with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor 1 [23].
• The interaction with the synaptic target, such as a muscle cell or a latex bead coated with basic fibroblast growth factor, results in the localization and immobilization of SV packets at the contact site [24].
• We have analyzed the expression pattern of bFGF (FGF-2) mRNA and protein in early Xenopus development using RNAse protections, in situ hybridization and immunocytochemical methods [25].
• In this study, we first show that Laloo expression can mimic FGF function in a distinct context, suggesting that the Src-related kinases are general transducers of FGF signaling during development [26].

References