Disease relevance of Sult4a1

• Its role in thermogenesis has been emphasized in recent years in response to cold stress (nonshivering thermogenesis, NST) as well as to hyperphagia (diet-induced thermogenesis, DIT) [1].
• Overeating and overweight were also produced by a unilateral MH knife cut combined with a contralateral oblique cut under the nucleus of the solitary tract and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus complex (NST/DX) [2].
• However, adrenalectomy produced profound changes in the obese animals, preventing the weight gain normally occurring in the obese rats and normalizing both NST capacity and norepinephrine-stimulated blood flow to brown fat [3].

High impact information on Sult4a1

• The abundance of mRNA encoding HS-N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase (HS-NdAc/NST), a regulatory enzyme in the biosynthesis of HS, was decreased by high glucose in a protein kinase C-independent manner [4].
• Downregulation of HS-NdAc/NST gene expression by high glucose may be related to the altered HS biosynthesis [4].
• Comparisons between recipient groups treated with pretransplant nonspecific blood (NST) and concomitant cyclosporine (CsA) or azathioprine (Aza) administration were also made [5].
• We examined the effect of the sweet transduction blocker gurmarin on taste responses recorded from neurons in the rat solitary nucleus (NST) to determine how gurmarin sensitivity is distributed across neuronal type [6].
• Expression of NST was dependent on cell density and matrix and was intense in conditions where cells spread fully, whereas 3-OST expression was unchanged in the conditions examined [7].

Anatomical context of Sult4a1

• Very small (100-200 micron diameter) iontophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into physiologically identified zones of the NST reveal that the immediately subjacent parvocellular reticular formation sends efferents to and receives afferents from both the hepatic and gustatory divisions of this nucleus [8].
• The I-B4-binding was electron microscopically observed in many axon terminals within the NST [9].
• Prominent binding to the isolectin I-B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia (I-B4) was observed not only in the terminal area of general somatic afferents (lamina II of the medullary and the spinal dorsal horns), but also in the terminal area of the general visceral afferents (nucleus of the solitary tract, NST) [9].
• Actions of these agonists are implied through intracellular recordings from cultured nodose ganglion cells or second order NST neurons [10].

Associations of Sult4a1 with chemical compounds

• In conclusion, there was a dramatic synergistic beneficial effect of prior multiple DST or NST specific to CsA, as opposed to another immunopharmacologic agent, Aza [5].
• To characterize the regulation of PG synthesis during the transition from type II cells to type I cells, we examined mRNA expression of N-deacetylase/sulfotransferase (NST) and 3-O-sulfotransferase (3-OST), two enzymes specific for heparan sulfate synthesis [7].
• In contrast to citric acid, quinine, denatonium and propylthiouracil all elicited vigorous oromotor rejection responses, consistent with our earlier hypothesis that the medial third of the NST may be an afferent trigger zone for oromotor rejection [11].
• The present investigation compared the distribution of FLI in NST following stimulation with three bitter chemicals: QHCl, denatonium and propylthiouracil, stimuli that evoked Ca(2+) currents in almost entirely different sets of receptor cells [11].
• Previous studies have demonstrated that oral stimulation with quinine elicits Fos-like immunoreactivity in the first-order gustatory nucleus, the NST, with a different topographic distribution than sucrose or citric acid [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sult4a1

• We found that both freshly isolated and cultured type II cells expressed NST and 3-OST as shown by in situ hybridization [7].
• After ganglionectomy of the NG, the I-B4-binding in the solitary tract and NST was highly reduced throughout the solitary tract and the NST on the side ipsilateral to the operation [9].
• 6. Reduction in metabolic rate, NST and CIT seen in the animals nutritionally deprived preweaning was short-lived and disappeared soon after nutritional rehabilitation [12].
• Adrenalectomy had little effect on weight gain, NST, or norepinephrine-stimulated blood flow to brown fat in lean rats [3].

References