Disease relevance of RYK

• A cDNA encoding the human homologue of mouse RYK (related to receptor tyrosine kinases) has been cloned from an interleukin 1 (IL-1)-stimulated human hepatoma cDNA library by cross-species hybridization using the mouse RYK cDNA as a probe [1].
• H-RYK, an unusual receptor kinase: isolation and analysis of expression in ovarian cancer [2].
• A mutation in RYK is a genetic factor for nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate [3].

High impact information on RYK

• Frizzled/RYK mediated signalling in axon guidance [4].
• The receptor related to tyrosine kinases (RYK) is unique amongst the catalytically inactive RTKs [5].
• We show here that AF-6 does not bind to human RYK in vitro or in vivo [6].
• Nevertheless, using a chimeric receptor approach, we previously found that RYK can signal via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway [6].
• Genomic DNA sequences encoding a variant protein tyrosine kinase ATP-binding motif characteristic of RYK are unexpectedly found in two separate exons [7].

Biological context of RYK

• The highly conserved motif -D-F-G- (subdomain VII) of the catalytic domain of other receptor-type tyrosine kinases is altered to -D-N-A- in human RYK [1].
• We have mapped the gene encoding the murine RYK growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinase by genetic linkage analysis with recombinant inbred strains of mouse [8].
• RESULTS: A missense mutation, 1355G>A (Y452C), in RYK was identified in one Vietnamese patient with cleft lip and/or palate [3].
• Case-control study and transmission disequilibrium tests were performed also, using three single nucleotide polymorphisms within a linkage disequilibrium block in RYK [3].
• Synteny has already been established between murine Chr 9 in the region of Ryk-1, and human chromosome 3q11-12, the location of the human RYK-1 gene [8].

Anatomical context of RYK

• There was minimal to absent expression of H-RYK on surface epithelium of ovaries [2].
• MATERIAL AND METHODS: An unusual receptor tyrosine kinase, H-RYK, has been isolated from a complimentary DNA library of SKOV-3, an epithelial ovarian cancer cell line, using a polymerase chain reaction-mediated approach [2].
• In the endometrium one finds potential three-way partnerships in Wnt, Frizzled and RYK system, and ATP, P2X7, P2Y2 system [9].

Associations of RYK with chemical compounds

• RYK is an atypical orphan receptor tyrosine kinase that lacks detectable kinase activity [6].

Other interactions of RYK

• OBJECTIVE: The RYK, EPHB2, and EPHB3 genes are attractive candidates for cleft lip and/or palate and cleft palate only pathogenesis [3].
• Localization of two mouse genes encoding the protein tyrosine kinase receptor-related protein RYK [8].
• Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction confirmed the upregulation of four genes by ICI: interleukin-12alpha chain, interleukin-8, embryonic growth/differentiation factor, and RYK tyrosine kinase [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of RYK

• Molecular cloning and chromosomal localisation of the human homologue of a receptor related to tyrosine kinases (RYK) [1].

References