High impact information on CDC16

• The yeast CDC16 and CDC27 genes restrict DNA replication to once per cell cycle [1].
• CDC16 and CDC27 were identified as genes in S. cerevisiae necessary to limit DNA replication to once per cell cycle [1].
• Budding yeast with mutations in the CDC16 gene represent an exception to this model, because they rereplicate DNA despite being in a G2-like arrest with continually elevated Cdc28p kinase activity [2].
• CDC16 controls initiation at chromosome replication origins [2].
• However, although Cdc5 can phosphorylate Cdc16 and Cdc27 in vitro, this in vitro phosphorylation does not occur on in vivo sites of phosphorylation [3].

Biological context of CDC16

• The Cdc16, Cdc23, and Cdc27 proteins all contain several copies of the tetratricopeptide repeat and are subunits of a complex that is required for the onset of anaphase [4].
• These observations distinguish CDC16 and CDC27 from other mutants that accumulate extra DNA after completing an aberrent mitosis, or skipping mitosis altogether, and entering a second, inappropriate G1 and S phase [1].
• CDC16 and CDC27 may contribute to replication control by targeted proteolysis of an S phase initiator [1].
• These results establish that CDC16 is required to prevent inappropriate firing of replication origins [2].
• The MAK11 gene is close to CDC16 on chromosome XI [5].

Anatomical context of CDC16

• [3H]alpha-Factor and Lucifer yellow were used to measure receptor mediated and fluid-phase endocytosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, arrested in mitosis by depolymerization of the microtubules or due to a mutation preventing nuclear division (cdc16) [6].

Associations of CDC16 with chemical compounds

• S. cerevisiae cells were arrested in mitosis by treating wild-type cells with the microtubule-inhibitor nocodazole, or by incubating a temperature-sensitive cell division cycle mutant (cdc16) at the restrictive temperature [7].

Other interactions of CDC16

• Such an involvement was previously suggested by in vivo analysis for CDC2 but was less clear for CDC16 [8].
• Molecular cloning of a cDNA with a novel domain present in the tre-2 oncogene and the yeast cell cycle regulators BUB2 and cdc16 [9].
• This G1-phase instability is cdc16 dependent, suggesting a role of the anaphase-promoting complex in the turnover of Dbf4p [10].
• Byr4, a dosage-dependent regulator of cytokinesis in S. pombe, interacts with a possible small GTPase pathway including Spg1 and Cdc16 [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CDC16

• Byr4 bound to Cdc16 and Spg1 in yeast two-hybrid assays and in coprecipitations in vitro and in yeast [12].

References