Disease relevance of Saccharomycetales

• Mge1p is the budding yeast homologue of the Escherichia coli co-chaperone protein GrpE, which stimulates initiation at bacterial origins of replication by promoting interactions of initiator proteins with origin sequences [1].
• Taken together, our data suggest that there are mitotic as well as nonmitotic chromosomal abnormalities associated with loss of condensin function in budding yeast [2].
• The method is based on the use of budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) transformed with the HSV-1 TK gene on a multicopy plasmid [3].

High impact information on Saccharomycetales

• Here, we test these models quantitatively for the case of SIR2-dependent silencing in budding yeast, using foreign and endogenous reporter proteins, at transgenic and endogenous loci [4].
• We report here that Swe1, the budding-yeast homolog of Wee1, is directly regulated by Cdk1 [5].
• Assembly of silent chromatin domains in budding yeast involves the deacetylation of histone tails by Sir2 and the association of the Sir3 and Sir4 proteins with hypoacetylated histone tails [6].
• Previously, we used live-cell imaging of six budding-yeast proteins to define a pathway for association of receptors, adaptors, and actin during endocytic internalization [7].
• In this issue of Cell, the Hall group describes how the rapamycin-sensitive TOR signaling network controls ribosomal protein (RP) gene expression via the Forkhead-like transcription factor FHL1 in budding yeast (Martin et al., 2004) [8].

Biological context of Saccharomycetales

• In this issue of Cell, two studies reveal that Whi5 appears to play the role of RB in preventing precocious cell cycle entry in budding yeast [9].
• Exit from mitosis in budding yeast requires a group of essential proteins--including the GTPase Tem1 and the protein phosphatase Cdc14--that downregulate cyclin-dependent kinase activity [10].
• Here we show that in budding yeast separation of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and telomeres also requires Cdc14, a protein phosphatase known for its role in mitotic exit [11].
• The budding yeast SKP1 gene, identified as a dosage suppressor of a known kinetochore protein mutant, encodes an intrinsic 22.3 kDa subunit of CBF3, a multiprotein complex that binds centromere DNA in vitro [12].
• Cells of budding yeast give birth to mother and daughter cells that differ in that only mother cells express the HO endonuclease gene and thereby switch mating types [13].

Anatomical context of Saccharomycetales

• In this review, we highlight advances in our general understanding of actin properties, interactions with other proteins, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, derived from studies in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae [14].
• The conserved protein kinase Ipl1 regulates microtubule binding to kinetochores in budding yeast [15].
• Studies in budding yeast indicate that Sec14p, a phosphatidylinositol (PI)-transfer protein, is involved in regulating DAG homeostasis in the Golgi complex [16].
• Mmr1p is a mitochondrial factor for Myo2p-dependent inheritance of mitochondria in the budding yeast [17].
• In contrast to classical cyclin B, CBsv very poorly complements a triple CLN deletion in budding yeast, and its microinjection prevents an initial step in MPF activation, leading to an important delay in oocyte meiosis reinitiation [18].

Associations of Saccharomycetales with chemical compounds

• A genetic study of the two PAS kinase genes in budding yeast gave evidence of the involvement of these enzymes in the control of sugar metabolism and translation [19].
• S-phase feedback control in budding yeast independent of tyrosine phosphorylation of p34cdc28 [20].
• Repression of growth-regulated G1 cyclin expression by cyclic AMP in budding yeast [21].
• Here we show that, in budding yeast, hydroxyurea, which blocks the progression of replication forks from early-firing origins, also inhibits the firing of late origins [22].
• The budding yeast protein kinase Ipl1/Aurora allows the absence of tension to activate the spindle checkpoint [23].

Gene context of Saccharomycetales

• The role of CDC28 and cyclins during mitosis in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae [24].
• Mother cell-specific HO expression in budding yeast depends on the unconventional myosin myo4p and other cytoplasmic proteins [13].
• SWI4 of budding yeast codes for a component of a transcription factor (cell cycle box factor, or CCBF) necessary for G1-specific expression of HO [25].
• We have isolated cDNAs and raised antibodies corresponding to the human homologs of the S. cerevisiae CDC27 and CDC16 proteins, which are tetratrico peptide repeat (TPR)-containing proteins essential for mitosis in budding yeast [26].
• The PTTG1 protein is cell-cycle regulated and was identified as the human securin (a category of proteins involved in the regulation of sister-chromatid separation) on the basis of biochemical similarities with the Pds1p protein of budding yeast and the Cut2p protein of fission yeast [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Saccharomycetales

• However, the normal mechanisms of yeast budding and cell separation create permanent scars which expose sufficient beta-glucan to trigger antimicrobial responses through Dectin-1, including phagocytosis and activation of reactive oxygen production [28].
• Sequence analysis reveals two regions of Mad3p that are 46 and 47% identical to sequences in the NH(2)-terminal region of the budding yeast Bub1 protein kinase [29].
• Molecular cloning of slp1+ revealed that slp1+ encodes a putative 488-amino-acid polypeptide exhibiting significant homology to WD-domain proteins, namely, CDC20 (budding yeast), p55CDC (human), and Fizzy (fly) [30].
• The subcellular distribution of three casein kinase I (CK1) homologs, encoded by the YCK1, YCK2, and HRR25 genes, has been determined in budding yeast through a combination of subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence methods [31].
• Western blot analysis indicates that a protein of identical molecular mass to natural hGL is secreted by Sp, although the major secreted product is of a higher molecular mass than either native hGL or recombinant hGL produced in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) [32].

References