Disease relevance of Angiodysplasia

• Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia in a patient with type 2 von Willebrand's disease and analysis of exon 28 of the von Willebrand factor gene [1].
• Vascular immunoreactivity for basic fibroblast growth factor was observed in seven (39%) specimens from patients with colonic angiodysplasia, whereas either very limited or no immunostaining was found in sections from specimens of patients with colon cancer and its normal margins [2].
• Acquired angiodysplasia as a cause of gastric hemorrhage: a possible consequence of cholesterol embolization [3].
• We hypothesize that VWS-2A secondary to cardiovascular disease other than severe aortic stenosis, such as peripheral arterial occlusive disease, could explain why elderly patients often develop recurrent GI bleeding or iron deficiency anemia from GI angiodysplasia [4].
• Gastric angiodysplasia in a child with Bernard-Soulier syndrome: efficacy of octreotide in long-term management [5].

High impact information on Angiodysplasia

• Abnormal von Willebrand factor in bleeding angiodysplasias of the digestive tract [6].
• PURPOSE: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic angiodysplasia affecting multiple organs [7].
• Thalidomide for the treatment of bleeding angiodysplasias [8].
• RESULTS: We detected strong immunoreactivity for vascular endothelial growth factor, homogeneously distributed in the endothelial lining of blood vessels of all sizes in 16 (89%) specimens of colonic angiodysplasia and in seven (88%) patients with colon cancer [2].
• CONCLUSIONS: Octreotide is a safe drug that may be useful to control the recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding due to acquired angiodysplasia and watermelon stomach, especially in patients who are not candidates for surgery due to old age and/or concomitant disorders [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Angiodysplasia

• Although these uncontrolled clinical cases do not prove its efficacy, octreotide appears to be beneficial in the control and prevention of bleeding due to diffuse small bowel angiodysplasia [10].
• A therapeutic trial of conjugated estrogen should be considered in patients with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to gastrointestinal angiodysplasia after the use of therapeutic endoscopy and/or surgery [11].
• Effects of indomethacin on hepatogenic pulmonary angiodysplasia [12].
• Prostaglandin F2 alpha and indomethacin in hepatogenic pulmonary angiodysplasia. Effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and gas exchange [13].
• Minor complications consisted of CO2 retention in one case treated for angiodysplasia, and fever (1) and posttreatment bleeding (2) in haemangioma [14].

Biological context of Angiodysplasia

• Coagulation testing, including determination of template bleeding time and partial thromboplastin time, should probably be performed in all patients bleeding from gastrointestinal angiodysplasia to screen for von Willebrand's disease [15].

Anatomical context of Angiodysplasia

• Octreotide in the treatment of bleeding due to angiodysplasia of the small intestine [10].
• Three patients with a history of bleeding due to small bowel angiodysplasia (repeated melena or occult fecal blood with serious anemia) were treated for 10-40 months with octreotide, a somatostatin analog that reduces the splanchnic flow [10].
• Abdominal angiography found jejunum angiodysplasia, and pharmacological therapy with estrogen/progesterone was required to stop the bleeding [16].

Gene context of Angiodysplasia

• Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT or Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by localized angiodysplasia due to mutations in endoglin, ALK-1 gene, and a still unidentified locus [17].
• Is there a role for parathormone in the pathogenesis of colonic angiodysplasia [18]?
• Delayed perforation after EHT-probe coagulation of colonic angiodysplasias [19].
• However, PAI-1 levels (31.5+/-11 ng/ml) were lower in high-bleeding-rate angiodysplasia (more than two bleeding episodes/year) than in low-bleeding-rate angiodysplasia (< or = 2 bleeding episodes/year) (PAI-1 47+/-14 ng/ml) (P<0.05) [20].
• Varicose veins in congenital angiodysplasias [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Angiodysplasia

• PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective study in eight patients an ethanolamine solution was injected under endoscopic observation directly into 15 lesions, typically angiodysplasias of the right colon at the index colonoscopy, and into another eight de novo lesions found at subsequent examinations [22].
• Successful treatment of bleeding from colonic angiodysplasias with tranexamic acid in a hemodialysis patient [23].

References