Disease relevance of Euphorbiaceae

• (Euphorbiaceae) demonstrated a significant hypoglycemic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats but not in normal rats, at oral doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight [1].
• The effects of two nor-diterpenes, trans-dehydrocrotonin (DCTN) and trans-crotonin (CTN) from Croton cajucara (Euphorbiaceae), on the survival of mice bearing Sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich carcinoma ascitic tumours, on the proliferation of cultured Ehrlich cells and TNF alpha activity were determined [2].
• A case report of severe skin and eye injury due to Excoecaria agallocha is presented to highlight the toxic nature of the latex of this common mangrove plant [3].

High impact information on Euphorbiaceae

• EFN secretion by field-grown Macaranga tanarius increased after herbivory, artificial leaf damage, and exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) application [4].
• Lipases of the euphorbiaceae family: purification of a lipase from Euphorbia characias latex and structure-function relationships with the B chain of ricin [5].
• Among these, phorbol esters and other macrocyclic diterpene esters isolated from species of the families Euphorbiaceae and Thymelaeaceae were potent inducers of plasminogen activator [6].
• In contrast, results from metabolic studies have suggested the involvement of a cytochrome P450 enzyme in vernolic acid synthesis in seeds of the Euphorbiaceae species Euphorbia lagascae [7].
• We use cytochrome oxidase I (COI) to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in a comprehensive sampling of the Decacrema inhabitants of Macaranga [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Euphorbiaceae

• Skin and eye injury due to latex of Excoecaria agallocha [3].

Anatomical context of Euphorbiaceae

• Twenty-eight picrotoxane terpenoids, including picrodendrins isolated from the Euphorbiaceae plant, Picrodendron baccatum (L.) Krug and Urban, have been evaluated for their ability to inhibit the specific binding of [3H]EBOB, the noncompetitive antagonist of ionotropic GABA receptors, to rat-brain and housefly (Musca domestica L.)-head membranes [9].
• Inhibition of hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and TNF-alpha production in peritoneal macrophages by ethyl acetate fraction from Alchornea glandulosa [10].

Associations of Euphorbiaceae with chemical compounds

• Native members of the Euphorbiaceae (spurge) contain highly irritating and tumor-promoting diterpene esters [11].
• Antitumor agents from Jatropha macrorhiza (Euphorbiaceae) III: acetylaleuritolic acid [12].
• Action of 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenone isolated from Sebastiania schottiana [13].
• Structure analysis of an allene-containing estolide tetraester triglyceride in the seed oil of Sebastiana commersoniana (Euphorbiaceae) [14].
• Chemical examination of the ethyl acetate solubles of the CH(3)OH:CH(2)Cl(2) (1:1) extract of the roots of Excoecaria agallocha L. collected from Godavary estuary resulted in the isolation of three more new diterpenoids, agallochins M-O (1-3) [15].

Gene context of Euphorbiaceae

• Antiulcerogenic activity of Alchornea castaneaefolia: effects on somatostatin, gastrin and prostaglandin [16].
• Considering the high occurrence of profilin as an allergen in many plant species, the assumption was made that profilin might be an allergen in Hevea brasiliensis, a member of the latex producing Euphorbiaceae family [17].
• Dietary cancer risk conditional cancerogens in produce of livestock fed on species of spurge (Euphorbiaceae). I. Skin irritant and tumor-promoting ingenane-type diterpene esters in E. peplus, one of several herbaceous Euphorbia species contaminating fodder of livestock [18].
• Investigations of medicinal plants of euphorbiaceae and thymelaeaceae occurring and used in Thailand; II. Cryptic irritants of the diterpene ester type from three Excoecaria species [19].
• Plant antitumor agents, 19. Novel triterpenes from Maprounea africana [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Euphorbiaceae

• Arg. var acuminatus (Euphorbiaceae) leaf and stem bark is used in folk medicine to cure intestinal ailments and skin infections [21].

References