Disease relevance of Plants, Medicinal

• Several Berberis medicinal plants producing berberine were found also to synthesize an inhibitor of the NorA MDR pump of a human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus [1].
• In this study, we showed that PAR, an NF-kappaB inhibitor found in medicinal herbs, can block LPS-induced osteolysis [2].
• A comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease inhibition activities by the aqueous and methanol extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs [3].
• Serum interleukin-6 level is a useful marker in evaluating therapeutic effects of levamisole and Chinese medicinal herbs on patients with oral lichen planus [4].
• A comparison of HIV-1 integrase inhibition by aqueous and methanol extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs [5].

High impact information on Plants, Medicinal

• Melatonin in feverfew and other medicinal plants [6].
• In the synthesis of tropane alkaloids in several medicinal plants, the TRs reduce a carbonyl group of an alkaloid intermediate, tropinone, to hydroxy groups with different diastereomeric configurations [7].
• Luteolin is a dietary flavonoid commonly found in some medicinal plants [8].
• The antitumor activity of the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide, an active ingredient of medicinal plants, is believed to be due to the inhibition of DNA binding of transcription factors NF-kappaB and STAT-3, reduction in MAP kinase activity and the generation of reactive oxygen [9].
• Bioactivity-directed fractionation and isolation of medicinal herbs (primarily herbs of Chinese origin) have also led to many classes of cytotoxic compounds including polyphenolic compounds, sesquiterpene lactones, lignans, quassinoids, triterpene glucosides, flavonoids, colchicine derivatives, and quinone derivatives [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Plants, Medicinal

• A flavonoid from medicinal plants blocks hepatitis B virus-e antigen secretion in HBV-infected hepatocytes [11].
• Effect of the traditional medicinal plants Rhazya stricta, Balanitis aegyptiaca and Haplophylum tuberculatum on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice [12].
• The antiviral activity of six medicinal plants from Brazilian Atlantic Tropical Forest was investigated against two viruses: herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and poliovirus type 2 (PV-2) [13].

Biological context of Plants, Medicinal

• Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a polyphenol present in red wine, grapes and other dietary and medicinal plants, has been shown to be active in inhibiting multistage carcinogenesis, inducing apoptotic cell death [14].
• Dichloromethane and 90% methanol extracts from 51 South African medicinal plants were evaluated for potential genotoxic effects using the bacterial Ames and VITOTOX tests with and without metabolic activation [15].
• Studies on the activities of tannins and related compounds of medicinal plants and drugs. III. Effects of various tannins and related compounds on adrenocorticotropic hormone-induced lipolysis and insulin-induced lipogenesis from glucose in fat cells. (2) [16].
• The in vivo protective effects of methanol extracts of eight South American medicinal plants traditionally used as antiinflammatory were determined by means of spontaneous lipid peroxidation of liver tissue in rats [17].
• In the present study, we examined the chronic effect of morin, a flavonoid isolated from medicinal plants, on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and serum insulin and glucose in HF-induced hypertensive rats [18].

Anatomical context of Plants, Medicinal

• As part of a series of biological examinations of various tannins and related compounds, the present paper reports the effects of caffeetannins and related compounds isolated from medicinal plants on arachidonate metabolism in human peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN-L) [19].
• Chinese medicinal herbs Muh-Shiang Bin-Lang-Wan increases the motility of sphincter of Oddi in anesthetized rabbits through activation of M1 muscarinic receptors [20].
• Studies on palauan medicinal herbs. II. Activation of mouse macrophages RAW 264.7 by Ongael, leaves of Phaleria cumingii (Meisn.) F. Vill. and its acylglucosylsterols [21].
• Effect of flavonoids from Spanish and Indian medicinal herbs on arachidonate metabolism in rat peritoneal leukocytes [22].
• The results suggest that ethanol extracts of the three medicinal plants may affect the Cl(-) movement more directly than Na(+) movement in the intestinal epithelial cells [23].

Associations of Plants, Medicinal with chemical compounds

• Ferulic acid (FA), an effective constituent in various medicinal herbs, has recently been shown to scavenge oxygen free radicals and increase the intracellular cAMP and cGMP [24].
• Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) a natural polyphenol present in medicinal plants, grapes and wines, has potent chemopreventive properties on intestinal carcinogenesis [25].
• Natural occurrence of cancer-preventive geranylgeranoic acid in medicinal herbs [26].
• Analysis of isoquinoline alkaloids in medicinal plants by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry [27].
• The anti-Candida potentials of 12 Korean medicinal plants were explored: methanol extracts from Coptis rhizoma and Phellodendron amurense caused significant inhibition of growth of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis [28].

Gene context of Plants, Medicinal

• Several medicinal herb-derived components have recently been reported to act via TLR4-dependent pathways, suggesting that medicinal plants are potential resources for identifying TLR4 activators [29].
• Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants [30].
• Bio-Normalizer, a natural health food supplement prepared from Carica papaya and some other medicinal plants was investigated to determine its effects on cellular nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide, NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression [31].
• The majority of diterpenes, cycloartane triterpenes and carotenoids isolated from vegetables and medicinal plants were able to enhance rhodamine 123 accumulations of MDR-cells [32].
• Flavan-3-ols isolated from some medicinal plants inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2 catalysed prostaglandin biosynthesis [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Plants, Medicinal

• Thirty one Chinese medicinal herbs used in weight reducing prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) were investigated for FAS inhibition [34].
• Determination of carbamate insecticides in Chinese medicinal herbs by gas chromatography with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector [35].
• As a part of our search for environmentally friendly solvents to extract the active components from medicinal plants, we used S. lateriflora in a comparison of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) using water, and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using CO2 and 10% EtOH as modifier, at different temperatures [36].
• Seneciphylline and senkirkine, two pyrrolizidine alkaloids that occur in animal feeds and medicinal herbs, respectively, have been tested for their ability to produce sex-linked recessive lethals in males of Drosophila melanogaster using the Basc test (3-day feeding method) [37].
• The application of a silicon-based polymerase chain reaction microreactor and a DNA microarray for the DNA sequence-based identification of toxic medicinal plants is reported here [38].

References