Disease relevance of Multifactorial Inheritance

• Association of cadherin 23 with polygenic inheritance and genetic modification of sensorineural hearing loss [1].
• These results are consistent with the polygenic inheritance of obesity, the greater involvement of genetic factors in women and younger individuals, and suggest that variants of the OB gene are causally involved not only in human obesity but its associated behavioral disorders [2].
• Adult-onset Alopecia areata is a complex polygenic trait in the C3H/HeJ mouse model [3].
• The presence of an autosomal dominant pattern, such as seen in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, could make it possible to search for single gene defects with linkage analysis, whereas polygenic inheritance would be consistent with the autoimmune hypothesis [4].

High impact information on Multifactorial Inheritance

• We found BBS10 to be mutated in about 20% of an unselected cohort of families of various ethnic origins, including some families with mutations in other BBS genes, consistent with oligogenic inheritance [5].
• Here we show oligogenic inheritance of S-HSCR, the 3p21 and 19q12 loci as RET-dependent modifiers, and a parent-of-origin effect at RET [6].
• Generalized resistance to thymic deletion in the NOD mouse; a polygenic trait characterized by defective induction of Bim [7].
• In most pedigrees, serum cholesterol appeared to be a purely polygenic trait, with 54% heritability [8].
• Recent data have demonstrated that BBS may be inherited either as a simple Mendelian recessive or as an oligogenic trait, since mutations at two loci are sometimes required for pathogenesis [9].

Biological context of Multifactorial Inheritance

• The ability to generate serum CSF after administration of LPS is controlled by a single autosomal dominant gene, while the splenic CFC response to LPS follows the characteristic patterns of a polygenic inheritance control [10].
• It is widely believed that complex polygenic inheritance patterns involving HLA-DR and -DQ class II genes contribute to MS susceptibility, and current evidence indicates that disease risk vs disease outcome may be associated with distinctly different HLA class II alleles [11].
• This family suggests that a rare form of CoA could be the result of an autosomal dominant mutation with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity rather than polygenic inheritance [12].
• The sensitivities to enflurane and isoflurane is F1 progeny of reciprocal crosses between ddN and C57BL mice revealed that in the ddN strain enflurane resistance is an incompletely dominant or polygenic character, isoflurane resistance in ddN strain is an autosomal recessive character and both are controlled by genes on the sex (X) chromosome [13].
• Analysis of the collected date revealed the following results: Testing of inheritance pattern Fitness of OPLL to the hypotheses of simple recessive inheritance, simple dominant inheritance and multifactorial inheritance was tested, but fitness to any one of these hypotheses was statistically denied [14].

Anatomical context of Multifactorial Inheritance

• Therefore, a possible involvement of the human PDE3A gene in these polygenic traits is discussed, taking into account the prominent role of the rat PDE3A gene product in the antilipolytic action of insulin in adipocytes [15].

Associations of Multifactorial Inheritance with chemical compounds

• The newly-bred red grapevine variety 'Regent' has multiple field-resistance to fungal diseases inherited as polygenic traits, while 'Lemberger' is a traditional fungus-susceptible cultivar [16].
• The data gave the best fit for a polygenic inheritance with a heritability of 66 +/- 11% for SLE and 44 +/- 10% for discoid LE [17].
• Variation in the hepatotoxic effects of carbon disulphide in the rat: evidence for polygenic inheritance [18].
• The logic behind the use of metric, polygenic traits in zygosity diagnosis is also presented, together with tables giving the odds against a dizygotic twin pair showing various degrees of similarity in ponderal index, in cephalic index, and in Slater's Z score, a measure of fingerprint similarity [19].
• CONCLUSION: These observations indicate that the 4NQO-induced TC in the rat is a multifactorial disease of a polygenic trait [20].

Gene context of Multifactorial Inheritance

• Serum IGF-1 levels in the F2 progeny were relatively normal in distribution, but showed a greater range than either progenitor, indicating that serum IGF-1 level is a polygenic trait with an estimated heritability of 52% [21].
• The specific genetic background of the Mediterranean population could make it difficult for MC4R mutations to produce an essentially polygenic trait such as common obesity, at least during childhood [22].
• These approaches showed that several spontaneous and engineered mutations interact with 129/Sv-derived susceptibility genes to enhance or suppress susceptibility; two of these mutations (Ter and Trp53) revealed novel linkages for susceptibility genes in sensitized polygenic trait analysis [23].
• Most studies support a polygenic inheritance with a susceptibility locus (designated IGAD1) in the MHC, but its exact location is still controversial [24].
• Bone mineral density (BMD) is determined by both environmental influences and polygenic inheritance [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Multifactorial Inheritance

• Evidence from epidemiological studies and segregation analysis suggests oligo- or polygenic inheritance in schizophrenia [26].

References