Disease relevance of Pain

• 2. On injection of capsaicin into the volar forearm, the subjects experienced intense burning pain, accompanied immediately by the formation of three areas of hyperalgesia surrounding the injection site [1].
• A 59-year-old man developed red, swollen and warm feet accompanied by intermittent burning pain during treatment for cardiac failure and arrhythmias with several drugs including verapamil [2].
• It presents with radiating pain, dysesthesias, numbness, and a C3 dermatome sensory deficit [3].
• Within 2 weeks of stopping verapamil the burning pain, erythema, and swelling of the feet had resolved [2].
• CONCLUSION: Esophageal ulceration has to be suspected in younger patients with odynophagia, retrosternal burning pain and/or dysphagia during the treatment with doxycycline [4].

High impact information on Pain

• Twenty-nine complications were burning pain at the IV site, and 36 were related to excessive total dose of phenytoin and resultant drug intoxication [5].
• Topical application of capsaicin initiates a flare response and burning pain [6].
• The TRPV1 agonists capsaicin, olvanil and arvanil all induced concentration-dependent increases in skin blood flow and burning pain when administered dermally [7].
• Rheumatoid arthritis exacts a tremendous cost, not only in physical suffering but also in economic terms [8].
• 5. Analysis of the interspike interval distribution and of the autocorrelation function derived from the chemically induced discharges of single units provided no evidence for an encoding of itch and burning pain in different discharge patterns of units responding to histamine and to mustard oil.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[9]

Chemical compound and disease context of Pain

• Lidocaine significantly reduced the burning pain [10].
• None of the patients receiving placebo complained of pain, but eight of 10 patients reported a strong burning pain during injection of rocuronium with brisk flexion of the elbow and wrist, similar to those observed in patients after induction of anaesthesia [11].
• The 5-HT and histamine antagonist cyproheptadine effectively relieved the burning pain and increased skin temperature [12].
• The incidence of transient neurological symptoms consisting of pain in the buttocks or pain radiating symmetrically to the lower extremities differed (P < 0.001) between patients receiving mepivacaine (30%) and those receiving bupivacaine (3%) [13].
• Effect of L-tryptophan and phenylalanine on burning pain threshold [14].

Biological context of Pain

• BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: When given intracutaneously, capsaicin can cause burning pain by central propagation in thin afferents, as well as neurogenic vasodilatation, reflecting antidromic conduction in the same fibers [15].
• These results suggest that the lack of vasoconstriction following vasoconstrictor activity of the skin sympathetic nerves results in increased skin blood flow and burning pain [16].

Anatomical context of Pain

• (3) Large fiber loss and central brain stem reorganization may explain the burning pain [17].
• 3) Nasal mucosa: intranasal application of capsaicin, a powerful releaser of SP from sensory terminals, evokes an immediate burning pain in the ipsilateral nasal, ocular, and temporal areas, as well as lacrimation and rhinorrhea [18].
• However, the presence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-ir and the vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1)-ir DRG neurons, which relate to inflammatory and burning pain innervating the L5/6 facet joint, has not [19].

Gene context of Pain

• Six out of eight patients with thoracolumbar (T12 and L1) and lumbar (L3) fractures experienced intractable burning pain and/or rhizopathy [20].
• CONCLUSION: The Quebec Task Force Classification demonstrated good predictive ability by discriminating between subjects with and those without distal radiating pain [21].

References