Disease relevance of Vietnam

• The treatment of multidrug-resistant and nalidixic acid-resistant typhoid fever in Viet Nam [1].
• Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi (resistant to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole) and isolates with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (indicated by resistance to nalidixic acid, NaR) have caused epidemics and become endemic in southern Viet Nam during the 1990s [1].
• Taenia solium cysticercosis in a village in northern Viet Nam: seroprevalence study using an ELISA for detecting circulating antigen [2].
• These data support the use of combination therapy such as artesunate plus mefloquine for falciparum malaria in a hyperendemic area of Viet Nam [3].
• Family history was positive in one respect: this is the second child of a Viet Nam veteran exposed to Agent Orange. The first child, from a different mother, also had birth defects [4].

High impact information on Vietnam

• The authors examined the relationship between 100 Viet Nam veterans' self-reported and objectively determined exposure to the herbicide Agent Orange and the relationship between self- or objective ratings and self-reported psychological and medical problems [5].
• The 1980-1990 global ES survey conducted by the International League Against Epilepsy identified ten developing countries reporting ES (DCRES): Brazil, China, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Mexico, Poland, Taiwan, the U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia, and Viet Nam [6].
• This paper generates and analyses survey data on inequalities in mortality among infants and children aged under five years by consumption in Brazil, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Nepal, Nicaragua, Pakistan, the Philippines, South Africa, and Viet Nam [7].
• Surveys on residues of trimethoprim (TMP), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), norfloxacin (NFXC) and oxolinic acid (OXLA) in water and mud in shrimp ponds in mangrove areas were conducted in the north as well as in south of Viet Nam in July and August, 2002 [8].
• In the isolated Aluoi Valley of central Viet Nam, very high levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) were measured in soil, fish fat, duck fat, pooled human blood and breast milk samples collected from A So village between 1996 and 1999 [9].

Associations of Vietnam with chemical compounds

• These strains included the chloroquine-sensitive strains Honduras and FCC1, and R1-resistant line FCR3TC, and the R3-resistant strains FCR1 and Viet Nam Smith (VNS) [10].
• Comparison of OC residues in avian species in Asia-Pacific revealed that DDT residues in resident birds in North Vietnam are among the highest values reported for the countries surveyed, suggesting recent usage of DDT in Vietnam [11].

Gene context of Vietnam

• While in military service as a psychiatrist stationed at Scott Air Force Base, I had the opportunity to do the psychiatric evaluations on a number of the prisoners of war returning from North Vietnam [12].
• 'Nam Roi' pummelo is a famous fruit tree in the Mekong Delta of Viet Nam [13].
• Infectious diseases are the most significant health problem in Viet Nam and they indirectly contribute to the incidence of cancer, including the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma [14].

References