Disease relevance of Taenia

• Thirteen patients with tapeworm infection, seven with Diphyllobothrium latum and six with Taenia saginata, were treated by the introduction of a radio-opaque contrast medium, 'Gastrografin', into the duodenum through a duodenal tube [1].
• The drug is highly effective against all Schistosoma species that infect humans as well as other flukes and tapeworms, including the larval stage of Taenia solium, which causes cysticercosis [2].
• Neurocysticercosis, caused by infection with larval Taenia solium, is a major cause of epilepsy worldwide [3].
• In the presence of high potassium, the ATP content of the taenia decreased in hypoxia, but increased with increasing glucose concentration [4].
• Development of a serologic assay to detect Taenia solium taeniasis [5].

High impact information on Taenia

• BACKGROUND: Infection with the larval form of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, can lead to the development of cysts in the brain [6].
• Jessen and coworkers have demonstrated the presence, synthesis and uptake of GABA by the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig taenia coli, and have documented the presence of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in isolated myenteric plexus [7].
• Lower levels of HDNF mRNA were found in granular neurons of the dentate gyrus and in neurons of the taenia tecta and induseum griseum [8].
• CONCLUSIONS: The mouse gastric fundus and guinea pig taenia coli contain functional PAR-1 and PAR-2 that mediate relaxations via ryanodine-sensitive and -insensitive activation of small-conductance, Ca2+-activated K+ channels [9].
• In the presence of hexamethonium, suramin (100 micromol/L) or the P2X antagonist pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS, 10 micromol/L) reduced the control fEPSP amplitude in the duodenum, ileum, taenia coli, proximal colon, and distal colon by 71%-84% [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Taenia

• Oral administration of mebendazole at a rate of 1 g/kg feed (approximately 50 mg/kg body weight/day) for 14 days killed mature and immature cysticerci of Taenia pisiformis in rabbits, and multiplying tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides corti in mice [11].
• Similar diagnostic performance for neurocysticercosis of three glycoprotein preparations from Taenia solium metacestodes [12].
• The relative efficiency of depot (Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and saponin), and non-depot (Corynebacterium parvum strain P. acnes I, C. parvum strain IMI585, and levamisole) immunoadjuvants were compared in raising agglutinating and precipitating antibodies against the metacestode fluid of Taenia multiceps of sheep origin (TMCF) [13].
• Flurazepam and diazepam inhibited the tonic component more than the phasic component of the K+ -induced contracture of taenia coli [14].
• The effects of the benzodiazepine derivatives flurazepam and diazepam on K+- and Ca2+ -induced contracture were examined in isolated taenia coli and longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig [14].

Biological context of Taenia

• 1. The time course and kinetics of force development following activation by opening of L-type Ca2+ channels was investigated using photodestruction of the Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine in smooth muscle from the guinea-pig taenia coli [15].
• 1. Strips of taenia coli from the caecum of the guinea-pig were mounted in an organ bath at 37 degrees C; isometric contractions were elicited with 10(5)M carbachol [16].
• 4. The rate of ATP synthesis estimated from the oxygen consumption and lactate release of the taenia was linearly correlated with tension development under aerobic and hypoxic conditions [17].
• In contrast to this, trifluoperazine inhibited the calmodulin activity at the concentration needed to inhibit the Ca++-induced contraction of the permeabilized taenia and the superprecipitation and the phosphorylation of myosin light chain of gizzard [18].
• The effects of verapamil and sodium nitroprusside on muscle tension and 45Ca uptake activated in different ways were compared in rabbit aorta, rat aorta and guinea-pig taenia coli [19].

Anatomical context of Taenia

• Evagination of Taenia solium in the fourth ventricle [20].
• Numerous electron-opaque deposits appear in the SR of the relaxed smooth muscle cells of the guinea pig Taenia coli that had been treated, before fixation, with a depolarizing medium containing oxalate to precipitate calcium ions in situ [21].
• The composition of normal, hypertrophied, or sodium-loaded rabbit portal anterior mesenteric vein and of normal and sodium-loaded guinea pig taenia coli smooth muscle was measured in cryosections with electron probe analysis, and the effects of wash with cold sodium-free (Lithium) solutions were determined [22].
• A proteinase inhibitor, taeniaestatin, isolated from the larval stage of the cestode Taenia taeniaeformis inhibits endogenous IL 2 generation in murine lymphocytes and IL 1 induced proliferation of murine thymocytes in a dose-dependent manner [23].
• The transduction system in the isoproterenol activation of the Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel in guinea pig taenia coli myocytes [24].

Associations of Taenia with chemical compounds

• Intraduodenal 'Gastrografin' injection against Taenia saginata infection [25].
• After exposure of segments of rabbit taenia coli to the nonionic detergent Triton X-100, tension could be induced by increasing the [Ca2+] in the micromolar range [26].
• CONCLUSIONS: beta(1), beta(2), and beta(3) adrenoceptors are functionally detectable in the human colon; agonist stimulation of any one type relaxed taenia but only isoprenaline was fully effective at the beta(3) subtype [27].
• Isoprenaline and terbutaline were more potent on circular than taenia strips; CGP 12177 and SR 58611A weakly and partially relaxed taenia but had little effect on circular strips [27].
• Fiber bundles were first treated with 30 microM ryanodine for 120 s in the presence of 45 mM caffeine to lock open the Ca-induced Ca release channels which are present in approximately 40% of the Ca store of the smooth muscle cells of the taenia [28].

Gene context of Taenia

• Induction of immunoglobulin G1, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 by Taenia crassiceps metacestode carbohydrates [29].
• Furthermore, the indusium griseum and taenia tecta were always present and the cerebral cortical layers were well differentiated in Emx1 mutant mice [30].
• The C-terminal sequences of putative ATP6 proteins were highly conserved among the eight species and the stop codon UAG was altered to UAA in all Taenia species [31].
• The relaxation by ET-1 in the guinea pig taenia coli was not affected by treatment with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, BW755C, or indomethacin [32].
• Differential expression of the estrogen-regulated proto-oncogenes c-fos, c-jun, and bcl-2 and of the tumor-suppressor p53 gene in the male mouse chronically infected with Taenia crassiceps cysticerci [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Taenia

• Short segments of portions of taenia coli of the guinea-pig averaging 54 mum X 219 mum X ca. 200 mum have been studied by a double sucrose-gap voltage-clamp technique [34].
• We compared a plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with an immunoblot--or enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot--assay (EITB) for the identification of cases of human neurocysticercosis due to Taenia solium and of risk factors for this disease in two Mexican villages [35].
• Immunodiagnosis of human cysticercosis (Taenia solium) with antigens purified by monoclonal antibodies [36].
• Two practical methods for the differentiation of cestode proglottids, (i) routine embedding, sectioning, and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and (ii) PCR with restriction enzyme analysis (PCR-REA), were tested on samples from 40 individuals infected with T. solium (n = 34) or Taenia saginata (n = 6) [37].
• Addition of galanin to guinea-pig taenia coli inhibited the contractile response to electrical stimulation, mediated by endogenous substance P and acetylcholine [38].

References