Disease relevance of Methylisothiazolinone

• Occupationally induced allergic contact dermatitis to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone among machinists [1].
• Contact dermatitis from methylisothiazolinone in a paint factory [2].
• Occupational induction of hypersensitivity after an accidental exposure to chloromethylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (CMI/MI) in an industrial worker [3].
• Can chemical burns and allergic contact dermatitis from higher concentrations of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone be prevented [4]?
• A process worker in a paper chemical plant developed an immediate local dermal irritation and delayed bullous dermatitis due to induction of hypersensitivity following an accidental exposure to chloromethylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (CMI/MI) biocide [3].

High impact information on Methylisothiazolinone

• Methylisothiazolinone, a neurotoxic biocide, disrupts the association of SRC family tyrosine kinases with focal adhesion kinase in developing cortical neurons [5].
• PBMC were cultured in the presence or absence of MCI/MI; cell proliferation was measured employing [3H]thymidine incorporation; and the number of cytokine-producing cells was determined using the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay and the levels of soluble cytokines in culture media by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [6].
• Surface marker expression (HLA-DR, CD54, CD80, and CD86) on these DC was measured by flow cytometry after 48 h treatment with the known chemical allergens dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI), the irritant sodium dodecyl sulfate, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and TNFalpha [7].
• Thin layer chromatography separation of the components and subsequent identification by GC/MS indicated that methylisothiazolinone was nonmutagenic while methylchloroisothiazolinone was mutagenic [8].
• There were 55 positive reactions in patch tests, 25 of them to oil and cooling fluids, with 14.5% attributed to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone) (Kathon CG) [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Methylisothiazolinone

• Among non-occupational hypersensitivities, type I allergy to house dust mites and contact allergy to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (Kathon CG) was found [10].
• We report two cases in which skin exposure to a newly launched biocide containing 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one led to sensitization to Ml, which in the second case was preceded by a chemical burn [11].

Associations of Methylisothiazolinone with other chemical compounds

• The reactivity of 4-[13C]- and 5-[13C]-5-chloro-2-methylisothiazol-3-one (MCI) and 2-methylisothiazol-3-one (MI) towards a model peptide and glutathione was followed by 13C and 1H[13C] NMR spectroscopy [12].
• Patch test sensitization to methylchloroisothiazolinone + methylisothiazolinone and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Methylisothiazolinone

• Contact sensitization to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI/MI). A European multicentre study [14].
• In one individual symptoms rapidly disappeared after treatment of the painted walls with inorganic sulfur salt, which leads to inactivation of the allergenic properties of methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone [15].

References