Disease relevance of Kathon CG 5243

• We have investigated here the cytokine production induced by a mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI), the active ingredients in common preservatives that are capable of eliciting allergic contact dermatitis [1].
• Kathon biocide, an aqueous solution containing a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in an approximate ratio of 3:1, was tested for mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium, L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells in culture and Drosophila melanogaster [2].
• T.R.U.E. Test performed somewhat better than the Finn Chamber in detecting relevant allergic reactions to nickel, neomycin, and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone [3].
• Airborne contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone in wall paint. Abolition of symptoms by chemical allergen inactivation [4].
• In an attempt to define the optimal test concentration for isothiazolinones, 200 and 100 ppm of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one/2-methyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one (MCI/MI) in aq. solution were tested simultaneously in 918 consecutive eczema patients [5].

High impact information on Kathon CG 5243

• RESULTS: The proliferative response of PBMC to MCI/MI was significantly greater in the case of the allergic group than for the non-allergic group, as was the production of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-13 (as determined by ELISpot and/or ELISA) [1].
• Treatment of PBMC-DC with either MCI/MI or DNFB induced a slight upregulation of class II major histocompatibility (MHC) expression (HLA-DR), whereas LPS and TNFalpha significantly upregulated CD54 and slightly upregulated CD80 and HLA-DR expression [6].
• The genetic toxicology of Kathon biocide, a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one [2].
• A new preservative containing only methylisothiazolinone (MI) and not methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) has recently been introduced in the European Union for use in products, such as paint, glue and cosmetics [7].
• There were 55 positive reactions in patch tests, 25 of them to oil and cooling fluids, with 14.5% attributed to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone) (Kathon CG) [8].

Biological context of Kathon CG 5243

• Oxidative stress in mouse skin following application of contact allergenic 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and oxazolone [9].
• We recently described that brief exposure of HL60 cells to a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) induces apoptosis at low concentrations (0.001-0.01%) and necrosis at higher concentrations (0.05-0.1%) [10].

Associations of Kathon CG 5243 with other chemical compounds

• Formaldehyde-induced depression of skin reactivity to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in the guinea pig [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Kathon CG 5243

• The patch test concentration for methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone [12].
• Influence of application vehicle on skin sensitization to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone: an analysis using the local lymph node assay [13].
• Absorption and disposition of 14C-labelled Kathon biocide, a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, following intravenous or dermal administration to male Sprague-Dawley rats [14].

References