Disease relevance of Legend MK

• Isothiazolinone preservative: cause of a continuing epidemic of cosmetic dermatitis [1].
• Kathon biocide: manifestation of delayed contact dermatitis in guinea pigs is dependent on the concentration for induction and challenge [2].
• Allergic contact dermatitis from Kathon CG in moist toilet paper [3].
• Occupational hypersensitivity to isothiazolinone derivatives in a radiology technician [4].
• The frequency of positive reactions to Kathon CG in eczema patients seems to have been stable in Denmark during the period 1983 to 1988 [5].

High impact information on Legend MK

• Lymphocyte transformation test for diagnosis of isothiazolinone allergy in man [6].
• Examples are given from the standardization of the TRUE Test and include caine mix, Kathon CG, and fragrance mix [7].
• Kathon biocide produced point mutations in the absence of a rat-liver metabolizing system in bacteria (strain TA 100) and mammalian cells in culture [8].
• There were 55 positive reactions in patch tests, 25 of them to oil and cooling fluids, with 14.5% attributed to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone) (Kathon CG) [9].
• Hydrogen peroxide allowed a very fast and efficient removal of attached biofilms, whereas no effect on the biofilm matrix was observed in most cases when isothiazolinone biocides were used [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Legend MK

• These data demonstrate that for Kathon biocide, there is an induction/elicitation concentration dependency for delayed contact dermatitis response, and there is a "no response concentration" zone where the biocide can be used without concern for clinically significant delayed contact dermatitis [2].
• Allergic contact dermatitis from the preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (1,2-BIT; Proxel): a case report, its prevalence in those occupationally at risk and in the general dermatological population, and its relationship to allergy to its analogue Kathon CG [11].
• Occupational contact dermatitis to Bronopol and Kathon CG has been identified in 3 milk recorders following the introduction of a new milk preservative [12].

Anatomical context of Legend MK

• In these studies the cytotoxicity (EC50 and EC90) of a range of preservatives including the isothiazolinone family, formaldehyde donors, parabens mixtures and organic acids have been established in the Balb/C 3T3 clone A31 fibroblast cell-line following a 1h exposure [13].

Associations of Legend MK with other chemical compounds

• The safety of Kathon CG biocide as a preservative in leave-on body lotions was assessed by 2 double-blind studies, using similar protocols [14].
• The investigators interpreted their data on 495 patients as having conclusively shown that standard preparations of fragrance mix, wool wax alcohols, Kathon CG and formaldehyde led to more positive test reactions when large Finn Chambers were used for patch testing [15].
• The most frequent sensitizers observed included nickel sulphate, cobalt, Kathon CG, perfumes, potassium dichromate and balsam of Peru. We have evaluated the influence of individual factors such as sex, age and occupation on the patch test results, and the coexistence of 2 or more unrelated but statistically significant sensitivities [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Legend MK

• Patch test sensitivity to Kathon CG in Prague [17].
• A high-performance liquid chromatography method was used to demonstrate Kathon CG in 123 commercial products of both "leave on" and "rinse off" types [18].
• Visual and laser Doppler perfusion scanning assessments of Kathon CG patch test reactions [19].

References