Disease relevance of Asarum camphor

• Synthetic trans-asarone oxide was also carcinogenic in the induction of hepatomas as well as mutagenic for Salmonella strains [1].
• The secretion of proteins was the most sensitive parameter of alpha-asarone toxicity [2].
• Our results show that long-term exposure to micromolar concentrations of alpha-asarone produces morphologic and ultrastructural alterations, triacylglycerol accumulation (fatty liver), and inhibition of protein synthesis and secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[2]
• Alkaline phosphatase (an enzyme marker of cholestasis) was increased after administration of EE, but this effect was prevented significantly by alpha-asarone or MPPA administration [3].
• In feeding trials, trans-asarone also caused significant weight reductions of the caterpillars Helicovarpa zea, Heliothis virescens, and Manduca sexta when incorporated into artificial diet at a concentration of 100 microg mL(-1) [4].

High impact information on Asarum camphor

• Asarones (alpha-asarone and beta-asarone) are the active components in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) of Acorus tatarinowii Schott, which has been used to treat epilepsy for several thousand years [5].
• Inhibition of lipid synthesis and secretion in long-term cultures of adult rat hepatocytes by alpha-asarone [6].
• In this work we studied the toxic effects of alpha-asarone, a hypolipidemic active principle of Guatteria gaumeri Greenman, on long-term cultures of adult rat hepatocytes cultivated on a feeder layer of 3T3 cells [2].
• In this work we studied the effect of alpha-asarone, a hypolipidemic active principle of Guatteria gaumeri Greenman, on hepatic lipid metabolism using adult rat hepatocytes cultured on a feeder layer of 3T3 cells [6].
• Exposure for one or two weeks to 10 micrograms/ml of alpha-asarone decreased the secretion of various lipids to the culture medium; triacylglycerol secretion was inhibited by 80-97%, phospholipid secretion by 70-87%, cholesterol by 64-70%, and cholesterol esters by 50-92% [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of Asarum camphor

• Effect of alpha-asarone and a derivative on lipids, bile flow and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase in ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestasis in the rat [3].

Biological context of Asarum camphor

• Sister-chromatid exchange induction produced by in vivo and in vitro exposure to alpha-asarone [7].
• The results indicate that alpha-asarone binds in the enzyme's active site [8].
• Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D QSAR) modeled for alpha-asarone derivatives using the comparative molecular surface analysis (CoMSA) allowed us to reveal a correlation between the activity of these compounds and the electrostatic potential at the molecular surface [9].
• A series of homologues of alpha-asarone (1), containing variable size and functionality on the side chain attached to the aromatic ring, has been subjected to a study of structure-activity relationship [10].
• Development of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems for oral bioavailability enhancement of alpha-Asarone in beagle dogs [11].

Anatomical context of Asarum camphor

• The effect of alpha-asarone, a chemical with hypocholesterolemic properties extracted from Guatteria gaumeri, on SCE induction was studied both in human lymphocytes in vitro and in murine bone marrow cells in vivo [7].
• These results suggest a dominant lethal mutation as well as direct alpha-asarone toxicity to spermatozoa by in treated mice [12].
• In this study we evaluated the potential of three alpha-asarone analogues to induce mutagenicity using the Ames test (strains TA98 and TA100 in the presence of metabolic activation), as well as the induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in cultured human lymphocytes [13].

Associations of Asarum camphor with other chemical compounds

• The bioactive hexane extract of Daucus carota seed yielded 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (1), oleic acid (2), trans-asarone (3), and geraniol (4) [4].

Gene context of Asarum camphor

• Molecular docking of the highly hypolipidemic agent alpha-asarone with the catalytic portion of HMG-CoA reductase [8].
• Alpha-asarone is a hypolipidaemic agent obtained from Guatteria gaumeri, a medical plant used in Mexico to treat hypercholesteraemia and cholelithiasis. alpha-Asarone has been shown to be hepatocarcinogenic and mutagenic in a human lymphocyte assay, a murine bone marrow cell assay and in an unscheduled DNA synthesis assay [12].
• Antioxidant property of alpha-asarone against noise-stress-induced changes in different regions of rat brain [14].
• Alpha-asarone inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, lowers serum LDL-cholesterol levels and reduces biliary CSI in hypercholesterolemic rats [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Asarum camphor

• A self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for enhancement of oral absorption of a poor water-soluble drug, alpha-Asarone (ARE), is reported [11].

References