Disease relevance of DTX1

• The DTX1 gene maps to chromosomal region 12q24 in the vicinity of the Noonan syndrome critical region [1].
• Jagged 2, Delta-like-1, Manic Fringe, and TSL1 were expressed more frequently in adenocarcinomas whereas Deltex, Mastermind, and Radical Fringe were more frequent in adenomas [2].
• Chemical analysis revealed that the DST okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) were present each one in one sample, but only a minor part of the total toxicity could be attributed to these toxions [3].

Psychiatry related information on DTX1

• Against a background of consistent gene expression, several regulatory genes show marked differences between fetal and adult expression profiles, including those encoding two basic helix-loop-helix antagonist Id factors, the Ets family factor SpiB and the Notch target gene Deltex1 [4].

High impact information on DTX1

• Both human and Drosophila deltex bind to Notch across species and carry putative SH3-binding domains [5].
• Sequence profile analysis was used to detect a conserved globular domain in several proteins including deltex, Trip12 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase homologs [6].
• T Cells Develop Normally in the Absence of both Deltex1 and Deltex2 [7].
• In contrast, Deltex1 did not decrease MZB cell numbers [8].
• Notch1 confers thymocytes a resistance to GC-induced apoptosis through Deltex1 by blocking the recruitment of p300 to the SRG3 promoter [9].

Biological context of DTX1

• DTX1 encodes a 2.5-kb cDNA that is composed of nine exons [1].
• Deduced amino acid sequences of these four cDNAs showed a high degree of similarity to Drosophila Deltex and its human homolog, DTX1 throughout their lengths, even though they possess distinct structural features [10].
• The expression pattern of a novel Deltex homologue during chicken embryogenesis [11].
• Determination of diarrhetic shellfish-poisoning (DSP) toxins, okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) and pectenotoxin-6 (PTX6) was carried out by liquid chromatography (LC) followed by on-line atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection with a heated capillary interface [12].
• Moreover, enforced expression of Deltex1 restored double-positive (DP) thymocyte survival from the GC-induced apoptosis [9].

Anatomical context of DTX1

• Specific over-expression of deltex and a new Kelch-like protein in human germinal center B cells [13].
• The T-cell differentiation block was as profound as that produced by enforced expression of the Notch modulator Deltex1 [8].
• DTX-1 was found only in Italian mussels (< or = 0.3 micrograms/g hepatopancreas) [14].
• The morphological alteration was detected earlier than the viability inhibition in HEp-2 cells with both toxins and in Caco-2 cells with DTX-1 [15].
• Evaluation of the use of two human cell lines for okadaic acid and DTX-1 determination by cytotoxicity assays and damage characterization [15].

Associations of DTX1 with chemical compounds

• Okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) and esterified toxins of OA and DTX1 in D. fortii and scallop extracts were determined by liquid chromatography fluorescence detection (LC-FLD) as their 9-anthryldiazomethane (ADAM) derivatives [16].
• A rapid and simple method for confirmation of the diarrhetic shellfish poisons (DSP): okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX-2) using fluorescence detection following derivatization with 9-chloromethylanthracene, has been established as an alternate to LC/MS [17].
• Using 1-bromoacetylpyrene (BAP), as a precolumn derivatisation reagent, the diarrhetic shellfish toxins, okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) and DTX-2, were determined by HPLC with fluorimetric detection [18].
• OA and DTX-1 concentrations, pigment content and changes in nitrate and phosphate concentrations in the culture media were followed during growth of one strain of P. lima in batch culture [19].
• Collision-induced-dissociation (CID) ion mass spectra of the protonated molecule, [M + H]+, at m/z 805 for OA, DTX-2, and DTX-2B and at m/z 819 for DTX-1, were obtained in MS-MS experiments to identify 2 diagnostic fragment ions for each analyte that could be used for selected-reaction-monitoring (SRM) micro-LC-MS-MS analysis [14].

Other interactions of DTX1

• Consistent with this idea, BBAP and DTX1 associate via their unique N termini, resulting in enhanced self-ubiquitination [20].
• The human Deltex (DTX1) gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that functions as a positive regulator of the Notch signaling pathway [1].
• The cDtx2 sequence showed higher homology to KIAA0937 protein (92% identical) than to DTX1 (68% identical). cDtx2 is expressed widely in the epiblast at stage 4 [11].
• Cross-reactivity was observed between the antibodies and the DTX-1 and the DTX-2, allowing the detection of the different toxins in a single analysis [21].
• Among them, Okadaic acid (OA), Dinophysistoxin 1 (DTX-1, 35-methyl OA), Dinophysistoxin 2 (DTX-2, OA isomers) and Dinophysistoxin 3 (DTX-3, 7-O-acyl-35-methyl OA), all of which have free carboxilic groups [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of DTX1

• Identification of esterified DTX1, 7-O-palmitoyl DTX1 (7-O-16:0 DTX1), in D. fortii and scallop extracts was carried out by LC equipped with an atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) [16].
• Two kinds of diarrhoetic shellfish toxins, okadaic acid (OA) and dinophytoxin-1 (DTX-1) were determined by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) with ultraviolet detection [23].
• A competitive enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) was used to determine the presence of okadaic acid (OA) and/or dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) in mussels [24].

References