Disease relevance of Mgll

• The mouse MGL cDNA was subcloned into a baculovirus transfer vector in frame with a sequence encoding an N-terminal stretch of six histidine residues [1].

High impact information on Mgll

• Neutral cholesterol esterase, diglyceride lipase, and monoglyceride lipase were also activated (117%, 10%, and 37+, respectively) by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase [2].
• Monoglyceride lipase was cloned from a mouse adipocyte cDNA library [3].
• cDNA cloning, tissue distribution, and identification of the catalytic triad of monoglyceride lipase. Evolutionary relationship to esterases, lysophospholipases, and haloperoxidases [3].
• Thus, three kinds of observations identified 2-AG as the endocannabinoid involved in DSI in the mouse cerebellum: DSI was abolished by diacylglycerol lipase inhibitors; DSI was potentiated by a monoglyceride lipase inhibitor; and DSI was not changed by an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase [4].
• MGL immunoreactivity was found in axon terminals of granule cells, CA3 pyramidal cells and some interneurons [5].

Biological context of Mgll

• Characterization of the clones obtained revealed that the mouse gene contains the coding sequence for MGL on seven exons, including a large terminal exon of approximately 2.6 kb containing the stop codon and the complete 3' untranslated region [6].
• These include: CYP2B9, CYP2B10, monoglyceride lipase, pyruvate dehydrogenase-kinase-4, cell death-inducing DNA-fragmentation factor-alpha, peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11beta, as well as several cell recognition surface proteins including annexin A2, CD24, CD39, lymphocyte antigen 6, and retinoic acid early transcript-gamma, among others [7].
• Quantitative morphometric analysis following muscle crush injury of 2 Mm musculus strains, MBK and MGL, has indicated that regeneration phenotype is not species-specific and may not be directly related to MyoD1 alleles [8].

Anatomical context of Mgll

• Furthermore, we show that astrocytes express monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), the main hydrolyzing enzyme of 2-AG, the pharmacological inhibition of which potentiates the ATP-induced 2-AG production (up to 113-fold of basal 2-AG production at 2.5 min) [9].
• Differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts to adipocyte-like cells was accompanied by a 19-fold increase in neutral triglyceride lipase activity, a 12-fold increase in diglyceride lipase activity, a 10-fold increase in monoglyceride lipase activity, and a 280-fold increase in cholesterol esterase activity [2].
• Immunostaining for MGL was complementary, the axons in the molecular layer were intensively labelled leaving the Purkinje cell dendrites blank [5].
• With monoolein as substrate, the specific activity and the apparent K(m) were close to those of rat MGL of adipose tissue [1].

Associations of Mgll with chemical compounds

• Monoglyceride lipase (MGL) functions together with hormone-sensitive lipase to hydrolyze intracellular triglyceride stores of adipocytes and other cells to fatty acids and glycerol [6].
• Expression, purification, and characterization of histidine-tagged mouse monoglyceride lipase from baculovirus-infected insect cells [1].
• Altogether, MGL mice showed a more restless behavior, a higher rectal temperature, and much higher brain (+17%) and urine (+200%) noradrenaline levels than the MGH animals [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mgll

• Northern blot analysis revealed that monoglyceride lipase is ubiquitously expressed among tissues, with a transcript size of about 4 kilobases [3].
• By means of multiple sequence alignment and secondary structure prediction, the structural elements in monoglyceride lipase, as well as the putative catalytic triad, were identified [3].

References