Disease relevance of BMP2

• The craniosynostosis was created in eight fetuses by excising their right coronal sutures, and then placing demineralized bone powder, transforming growth factor-beta, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 into the defect [1].

High impact information on BMP2

• Adenoviral vectors encoding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (Ad.BMP-2) have been used to stimulate bone formation in small animals [2].
• Titanium discs were coated on one side with the drug carrier poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA), with the carrier plus IGF-I and TGF-beta1 or with the carrier plus BMP-2 [3].
• Compared with collagen sponge delivery of BMP-2, the PDLLA-coated interbody cages significantly increased the results of interbody bone matrix formation [4].
• Histomorphological, -morphometrical, and polychrome sequential labeling analyses demonstrated greater progression of callus formation in the BMP-2 groups than in any other group [4].
• In contrast, noggin, a known specific BMP antagonist, had no effect on activin A but strongly neutralized BMP-2 and BMP-4 actions [5].

Biological context of BMP2

• The intraovarian roles of BMP family members such as BMP2, 4, 6 and 7 are not well understood, particularly in species with low ovulation rates such as sheep [6].
• BMP2, 4, 6 and 7 each inhibited progesterone production from ovine granulosa cells without affecting cellular proliferation/survival [6].
• The BMP-2 coating significantly increased bone growth into the implant perforations compared with HA-coated implants at 2 and 4 weeks [7].
• In contrast, the IGF-I/TGF-ss1 group showed a significantly higher bone mineral density of the callus than the BMP-2 group [8].
• Effects of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and hyaluronic acid on the osseointegration of hydroxyapatite-coated implants: an experimental study in sheep [7].

Anatomical context of BMP2

• In conclusion, in sheep, BMP2, 4, 6 and 7 inhibit granulosa cell differentiation without affecting proliferation [6].
• However, as BMP2, 4 and 7 were not detectable by in situ hybridization in any cells of non-atretic ovarian follicles, it seems unlikely that these proteins would have an important intra-ovarian role in regulating follicular development in sheep [6].
• BMP-7 staining was mainly at the interface close to the bony side, whereas BMP-2 expression shifted to the tendon side at 6 weeks [9].

Associations of BMP2 with chemical compounds

• Local and controlled release of growth factors (combination of IGF-I and TGF-beta I, and BMP-2 alone) from a polylactide coating of titanium implants does not lead to ectopic bone formation in sheep muscle [3].
• Increased immunostaining for bone morphogenetic protein-2, bone morphogenetic protein-7, transforming growth factor-beta, and platelet derived growth factor was seen in defects filled with calcium sulfate pellets alone and in combination with autograft [10].
• Hydroxyapatite (HA) implants (perforated hollow cylinders and solid rods) were coated with BMP-2 and hyaluronic acid (HY) as the carrier or with HY alone [7].

Other interactions of BMP2

• Using a biological test based on progesterone production by ovine primary granulosa cells in culture, we show that follistatin was a strong antagonist of activin A, but not BMP-2 or BMP-4 actions [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of BMP2

• The role of bone morphogenetic proteins BMP-2 and BMP-4 and their related postreceptor signaling system (Smads) in distraction osteogenesis of the mandible [11].

References