Disease relevance of Leukemoid Reaction

• While granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been implicated in paraneoplastic leukemoid reactions, the stimulus for thrombocytosis is unknown [1].
• Leukemoid reactions may be associated with elevated serum vitamin B12 and uric acid, but the levels are usually lower than those found in chronic neutrophilic leukemia [2].
• OBJECTIVE: To describe a patient who developed hepatotoxicity, reactive plasmacytosis with thrombocytosis and life-threatening agranulocytosis, followed by a leukemoid reaction, apparently caused by acute acetaminophen toxicity [3].
• Intense paraneoplastic neutrophilic leukemoid reaction related to a G-CSF-secreting lung sarcoma [4].
• Lipopolysaccharide-specific antibodies in plasma and stools of children with Shigella-associated leukemoid reaction and hemolytic-uremic syndrome [5].

High impact information on Leukemoid Reaction

• In rare cases, leukemoid reactions were attributed to tumor production of unidentified hematopoietic factors [6].
• Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) produced by nonhematopoietic malignant cells has been reported to be capable of inducing a leukemoid reaction in the host through intense stimulation of leukocyte production [7].
• Leukemoid reaction associated with antenatal dexamethasone administration [8].
• In two patients with neutrophil-specific granule deficiency, less than 1% of the neutrophils were found to be C10 positive, while neutrophils from a patient with idiopathic leukemoid reaction and recurrent infections demonstrated greater than 99% C10 binding [9].
• Famotidine was discontinued and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor was administered, with concomitant recovery of the granulocyte count and subsequent development of a leukemoid reaction [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Leukemoid Reaction

• Leukemoid reaction associated with parenteral nutrition [11].
• Granulocytopenia due to nifuroxazide followed by a G-CSF-induced leukemoid reaction [12].
• We have described a preterm infant who had a transient self-limited leukemoid reaction apparently due to maternal ritodrine therapy [13].
• Antenatal usage of steroid to promote lung maturation was considered to be one possible cause of the transient leukemoid reaction [14].
• After complete recovery, an erroneous ingestion of a single dose of tetracycline reproduced his initial symptoms and a leukemoid reaction [15].

Biological context of Leukemoid Reaction

• The patient showed sustained mature neutrophilic leukocytosis, splenomegaly, a high leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score, elevated serum vitamin B12 and uric acid, myeloid hyperplasia and absence of ph' chromosome in the bone marrow, with no evidence suggesting this condition to be a leukemoid reaction to an underlying disease [16].

Anatomical context of Leukemoid Reaction

• Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction and rapid progression in a patient with malignant melanoma: establishment of KT293, a novel G-CSF-secreting melanoma cell line [17].

Gene context of Leukemoid Reaction

• Based on these results it appears that autocrine production of GM-CSF is a possible cause of this leukemoid reaction [18].
• It differed clearly from CML, since LAP activity in CML was lower than normal, but LAP activity could not define it from leukemoid reaction [19].
• Leukemoid reaction simulating acute promyelocytic leukemia [20].
• The liveborn infant had typical hematological features of the transient congenital leukemoid reaction of Down syndrome, and the identification of a megakaryoblastic component was consistent with recent opinion that this is a spontaneously-remitting congenital megakaryoblastic leukemia [21].

References