Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

Editor

Personal info

View

About

Terms

Javascript disabled

Please enable Javascript support in your browser to use this application.

Instructions on how to enable JavaScript on different browsers can be found here: http://www.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=23852.

[edit this page]

MeSH Review:

Virus Integration

Cheung, S.T. et al., Valk, P.J. et al., Cohen-Haguenauer, O. et al., Waskiewicz, A.J. et al., Osipovich, A.B. et al., et al.

Cheung, Chen, Guan, Wong, Tai, Ng, So, Fan,

Welcome! If you are familiar with the subject of this article, you can contribute to this open access knowledge base by deleting incorrect information, restructuring or completely rewriting any text. Read more.

Disease relevance of Virus Integration

Hepatitis B virus integration in a cyclin A gene in a hepatocellular carcinoma [1].
A new common region of virus integration, Evi11, has been identified in two retrovirally induced murine myeloid leukemia cell lines, NFS107 and NFS78 [2].
Identification of hepatitis B virus integration in hepatitis C virus-infected hepatocellular carcinoma tissues [3].
OBJECTIVE: The gene encoding the peripheral cannabinoid receptor Cb2 is located in the common virus integration site Evi11 and is associated with hematopoietic malignancies in mice [4].
The PLC/PRF/5 human hepatoma cell line. II. Chromosomal assignment of hepatitis B virus integration sites [5].

High impact information on Virus Integration

Embryos homozygous at the Mov 34 locus develop normally to the blastocyst stage and die shortly after implantation, indicating that virus integration resulted in a recessive lethal mutation [6].
Upstream cellular sequences, cloned after amplification by polymerase chain reaction, hybridized to RNA from uninfected cells, indicating that the adjacent promoters were transcriptionally active prior to virus integration [7].
Here, we report that Graffi-1.4-induced AML frequently harbors virus integrations in the gene encoding the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) [8].
Together with the molecular data from p53, hepatitis B virus integration and comparative genomic hybridization profiles, tumor nodules from five patients were confirmed with clonal relationship, and the expression profiles of the primary nodules were compared with their corresponding intrahepatic metastatic nodules [9].
Vertebrate orthologs of Exd and Hth, known as Pbx and Meis (named for a myeloid ecotropic leukemia virus integration site), respectively, are encoded by multigene families and are present in multimeric complexes together with vertebrate Hox proteins [10].

Biological context of Virus Integration

This increase in c-myc expression could not be explained by gene amplification or hepatitis B virus integration [11].
Aberrant expression of the Evi1 (ecotropic virus integration site 1) proto-oncogene has been associated with hematopoietic malignancies in both mice and man [12].
Removal of the cryptic Neo 3' splice site did not reduce the proportion of clones with inserts in introns; rather, the fusion transcripts utilized cryptic 3' splice sites present in the adjacent intron or generated by virus integration [13].

Anatomical context of Virus Integration

Despite the invariant position of the virus integration event, the three ABPL tumor cell lines we examined (ABPL-1, ABPL-2 and ABPL-4) produced three different sized proteins [14].
In those experiments where long-term in vitro cultures could be maintained over 5 weeks (all cord blood and 5 among 23 PBSC), efficient transduction of long-term culture initiating cell (LTC-IC) hematopoietic progenitors was demonstrated on the basis of both resistance to G418 and virus integration [15].

Gene context of Virus Integration

The genes encoding the peripheral cannabinoid receptor and alpha-L-fucosidase are located near a newly identified common virus integration site, Evi11 [2].
Chromosomal sites for hepatitis B virus integration in human hepatocellular carcinoma [16].
The common virus integration site (VIS) Evi11 was recently identified within the gene encoding the hematopoietic G-protein-coupled peripheral cannabinoid receptor Cnr2 (also referred to as Cb2) [17].
This represents a novel virus integration site which is most likely associated with oncogenic activation of the c-myb gene during leukemogenesis [18].
Further analysis with probes located both 3' and 5' of MYC indicated that the amplicon was at least 700 kb in size, extending from the papilloma virus integration site situated 500 kb 5' of MYC to the PVT gene located 280 kb 3' of MYC [19].

References

Hepatitis B virus integration in a cyclin A gene in a hepatocellular carcinoma. Wang, J., Chenivesse, X., Henglein, B., Bréchot, C. Nature (1990) [Pubmed]
The genes encoding the peripheral cannabinoid receptor and alpha-L-fucosidase are located near a newly identified common virus integration site, Evi11. Valk, P.J., Hol, S., Vankan, Y., Ihle, J.N., Askew, D., Jenkins, N.A., Gilbert, D.J., Copeland, N.G., de Both, N.J., Löwenberg, B., Delwel, R. J. Virol. (1997) [Pubmed]
Identification of hepatitis B virus integration in hepatitis C virus-infected hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Urashima, T., Saigo, K., Kobayashi, S., Imaseki, H., Matsubara, H., Koide, Y., Asano, T., Kondo, Y., Koike, K., Isono, K. J. Hepatol. (1997) [Pubmed]
Leukemic predisposition of pSca-1/Cb2 transgenic mice. Joosten, M., Valk, P.J., Jordà, M.A., Vankan-Berkhoudt, Y., Verbakel, S., van den Broek, M., Beijen, A., Löwenberg, B., Delwel, R. Exp. Hematol. (2002) [Pubmed]
The PLC/PRF/5 human hepatoma cell line. II. Chromosomal assignment of hepatitis B virus integration sites. Bowcock, A.M., Pinto, M.R., Bey, E., Kuyl, J.M., Dusheiko, G.M., Bernstein, R. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. (1985) [Pubmed]
Retroviruses and insertional mutagenesis in mice: proviral integration at the Mov 34 locus leads to early embryonic death. Soriano, P., Gridley, T., Jaenisch, R. Genes Dev. (1987) [Pubmed]
Isolation of cellular promoters by using a retrovirus promoter trap. von Melchner, H., Reddy, S., Ruley, H.E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1990) [Pubmed]
The gene encoding the transcriptional regulator Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a myeloid transforming gene interfering with neutrophilic differentiation. Erkeland, S.J., Valkhof, M., Heijmans-Antonissen, C., Delwel, R., Valk, P.J., Hermans, M.H., Touw, I.P. Blood (2003) [Pubmed]
Identify metastasis-associated genes in hepatocellular carcinoma through clonality delineation for multinodular tumor. Cheung, S.T., Chen, X., Guan, X.Y., Wong, S.Y., Tai, L.S., Ng, I.O., So, S., Fan, S.T. Cancer Res. (2002) [Pubmed]
Zebrafish Meis functions to stabilize Pbx proteins and regulate hindbrain patterning. Waskiewicz, A.J., Rikhof, H.A., Hernandez, R.E., Moens, C.B. Development (2001) [Pubmed]
Tumorigenicity and transcriptional modulation of c-myc and N-ras oncogenes in a human hepatoma cell line. Huber, B.E., Dearfield, K.L., Williams, J.R., Heilman, C.A., Thorgeirsson, S.S. Cancer Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
Erythroid defects and increased retrovirally-induced tumor formation in Evi1 transgenic mice. Louz, D., van den Broek, M., Verbakel, S., Vankan, Y., van Lom, K., Joosten, M., Meijer, D., Löwenberg, B., Delwel, R. Leukemia (2000) [Pubmed]
Activation of cryptic 3' splice sites within introns of cellular genes following gene entrapment. Osipovich, A.B., White-Grindley, E.K., Hicks, G.G., Roshon, M.J., Shaffer, C., Moore, J.H., Ruley, H.E. Nucleic Acids Res. (2004) [Pubmed]
Murine myeloid leukemic cells with disrupted myb loci show splicing anomalies that account for heterogeneous sizes in myb proteins. Tantravahi, R., Dudek, H., Patel, G., Reddy, E.P. Oncogene (1996) [Pubmed]
Efficient transduction of hemopoietic CD34+ progenitors of human origin using an original retroviral vector derived from Fr-MuLV-FB29: in vitro assessment. Cohen-Haguenauer, O., Restrepo, L.M., Masset, M., Bayer, J., Dal Cortivo, L., Marolleau, J.P., Benbunan, M., Boiron, M., Marty, M. Hum. Gene Ther. (1998) [Pubmed]
Chromosomal sites for hepatitis B virus integration in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Tokino, T., Matsubara, K. J. Virol. (1991) [Pubmed]
Retroviral insertions in Evi12, a novel common virus integration site upstream of Tra1/Grp94, frequently coincide with insertions in the gene encoding the peripheral cannabinoid receptor Cnr2. Valk, P.J., Vankan, Y., Joosten, M., Jenkins, N.A., Copeland, N.G., Löwenberg, B., Delwel, R. J. Virol. (1999) [Pubmed]
Novel integration sites at the distal 3' end of the c-myb locus in retrovirus-induced promonocytic leukemias. Nazarov, V., Wolff, L. J. Virol. (1995) [Pubmed]
Characterization of the C-MYC amplicon in a case of acute myeloid leukemia with double minute chromosomes. Crossen, P.E., Savage, L.M., Heaton, D.C., Morrison, M.J. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. (1999) [Pubmed]

Contributions to this collaborative article are from individual authors of WikiGenes or mined by the WikiGenes Data Mining Engine from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.About WikiGenes Open Access Licence Privacy Policy Terms of Use apsburg

The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.