Disease relevance of Toxoplasmosis, Congenital

• Sera from 15 adults with the acute lymphadenopathic form of toxoplasmosis and 13 infants with congenital toxoplasmosis were tested for the presence of RF [1].
• To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of cholestatic jaundice due to congenital toxoplasmosis from India. The child was successfully treated with sulphadiazine and pyremethamine combination [2].

High impact information on Toxoplasmosis, Congenital

• The French programme for the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis consists of the diagnosis and treatment with spiramycin of acute infections during pregnancy and monthly follow-up of all identified seronegative women [3].
• To clarify the roles of NK cells and IFN-gamma in protection against primary congenital toxoplasmosis, we used recombination activating gene 2 knockout (RAG-2(-/-)) mice, which lack T and B lymphocytes, in comparison with the wild-type BALB/c model [4].
• Population pharmacokinetics of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine in children treated for congenital toxoplasmosis [5].
• These data suggest that a partially protective immunity against congenital toxoplasmosis is achieved due to the increased number of NK cells in RAG-2(-/-) mice [4].
• CONCLUSION: Neonatal screening for congenital toxoplasmosis can be automated by use of purified europium-labeled antigen for detection of T. gondii-specific IgM and IgA eluted from filter-paper samples [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of Toxoplasmosis, Congenital

• The specimens were from 37 infants receiving pyrimethamine for treatment of suspect or proven congenital toxoplasmosis [7].
• To determine neurologic, cognitive, and motor outcomes for children with congenital toxoplasmosis who were treated for approximately 1 year with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine [8].
• AIMS: To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for pyrimethamine (PYR) and sulfadoxine (SDX) in children with congenital toxoplasmosis [9].
• The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and immunological outcome of 78 children with congenital toxoplasmosis treated with the pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine combination between 1980 and 1997 [10].
• CONCLUSIONS: Our current treatment strategy for congenital toxoplasmosis consists of a 24-month course of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (Fansidar) combined with folinic acid (Lederfoline) [10].

Biological context of Toxoplasmosis, Congenital

• Fitness of Toxoplasma gondii is not related to DHFR single-nucleotide polymorphism during congenital toxoplasmosis [11].
• We characterized effects of HLA-DQ alleles on outcome of congenital toxoplasma infection and found that among Caucasians, the DQ3 gene frequency was significantly higher in infected infants with hydrocephalus (0.783) than infected infants without hydrocephalus (0.444) or published normal controls (0.487) [12].
• From the congenital toxoplasmosis cases it was observed that membrane immunolabeling correlated with the results of the serology tests and with the treatment (Fansidar) [13].
• Bax-induced apoptosis not demonstrated in the congenital toxoplasmosis in mice [14].
• Postpartum treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine has remained almost unchanged for 50 years [15].

Anatomical context of Toxoplasmosis, Congenital

• Rapid prenatal diagnosis of congenital Toxoplasma infection by using polymerase chain reaction and amniotic fluid [16].
• Together, these results show that CD8+ T lymphocytes and IFN-gamma play an important role in protection against congenital toxoplasmosis during reinfection [17].

Gene context of Toxoplasmosis, Congenital

• The role of IL-4 in adult acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis [18].
• These results suggest a role of Th2 cytokines in destabilization of congenital toxoplasmosis and perhaps in local reactivation of the parasite [19].
• Detection of CD25 constitutes a simple, sensitive and specific test for diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis [20].
• Production of interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with probable congenital toxoplasmosis was decreased, compared with that in persons with presumed acquired infection [21].
• Sera from 51 infants suspected of having congenital Toxoplasma infection but in whom this diagnosis was ruled out were negative in the IgM-ELISA test [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Toxoplasmosis, Congenital

• The clinical value of immunoenzymatic (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) detection of anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin E (IgE) was assessed by studying 2,036 sera from 792 subjects, comprising seronegative controls and subjects with acute, active, reactivated, or congenital toxoplasmosis [23].
• We developed a two-dimensional immunoblotting (2DIB) method with T. gondii RH strain tachyzoite antigen and validated the method with sera from 11 children identified through the neonatal screening program for congenital toxoplasmosis in Denmark [24].

References