Disease relevance of Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey

• It has recently been reported that the sequences of the sis oncogene of simian sarcoma virus (SSV) and of human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are very similar, establishing the most solid link yet between the mitogenic actions of growth factors and the transforming proteins of retroviruses [1].
• A clue to the molecular mechanism of neoplastic transformation was provided by the finding of a near identity in amino-acid sequence between the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B-chain and a region in the transforming protein, p28sis, of simian sarcoma virus (SSV), an agent that causes sarcomas and gliomas in experimental animals [2].
• Three antisera against RD114 p30 gave similar positive results, while two antisera prepared against simian sarcoma virus p30, one antiserum prepared against murine leukemia virus p30, and one antiserum prepared against feline leukemia virus p30 gave no immunofluorescence [3].
• Synthesis of a PDGF-like growth factor in human glioma and sarcoma cells suggests the expression of the cellular homologue to the transforming protein of simian sarcoma virus [4].
• Purified RNA-directed DNA polymerase had the same primer-template characteristics, sedimentation properties, and immunological cross reactivity as the enzyme purified from density gradient-banded virions of simian sarcoma virus [5].

High impact information on Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey

• The simian sarcoma virus transforming gene, v-sis, encodes a protein, p28sis , that is closely related to human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) [6].
• Transforming protein of simian sarcoma virus stimulates autocrine growth of SSV-transformed cells through PDGF cell-surface receptors [7].
• The B-chain is encoded by the c-sis gene, the cellular counterpart of the simian sarcoma virus transforming gene v-sis [8].
• A scheme for partial purification of biologically active v-sis-coded protein from cells transformed with simian sarcoma virus (SSV) has made possible a functional comparison of the transforming protein with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) [9].
• The nucleotide sequences of the six regions within the normal human cellular locus (c-sis) that correspond to the entire transforming region of the simian sarcoma virus (SSV) genome (v-sis) were determined [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey

• Inhibition of deoxynucleotide-polymerizing enzyme activities of human leukemia lymphoblasts and simian sarcoma virus by tilorone and thirteen of its analogs [11].
• Tilorone, which is 2,7-bis[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-9H-fluoren-9-one dihydrochloride, and 13 of its analogs inhibited human cellular DNA polymerases alpha and beta assayed with activated DNA as template and also cellular DNA polymerase gamma and DNA polymerase from simian sarcoma virus assayed with poly(A) (dT)12-18 as template [11].
• Inhibition of deoxynucleotide-polymerizing enzyme activities of human cells and of simian sarcoma virus by heparin [12].
• Fibroblasts transformed with simian sarcoma virus constitutively produce a growth factor that stimulates the endogenous tyrosine kinase of PDGF receptors in an autocrine manner [13].
• Simian sarcoma virus transformation-specific glycopeptide: immunological relationship to human platelet-derived growth factor [14].

Biological context of Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey

• The mouse homolog (c-sis) of the transforming gene of the simian sarcoma virus was mapped to chromosome 15 by the Southern blot analysis of DNA's from hamster-mouse somatic cell hybrids [15].
• The simian sarcoma virus transformation-specific glycopeptide (SSV-TrSgp) represents a proteoglycan which is released from SSV-transformed cells and can be detected by an autologous goat serum against SSV nonproducer cells (SSV-NP serum) (H.-J. Thiel, R. Hafenrichter, and B. Gregor, 1984, Virology 134, 138-147) [14].
• Sequence homology was found between v-myc, the transforming protein of MC29 virus, and human gastrin and oxytocin on the one hand, and between v-sis, the transforming protein of simian sarcoma virus, and secretin on the other [16].

Gene context of Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey

• Thus, simian sarcoma virus has acquired the gene encoding the B-chain of PDGF and there is direct experimental proof that SSV-transformation is mediated by a PDGF-like growth factor [17].
• Platelet-derived growth factor has been shown to be nearly identical to the product of the v-sis gene of the simian sarcoma virus, which appears to cause cell transformation through its interactions with the PDGF receptor activating the tyrosine kinase activity of the PDGF receptor [18].
• STATs 1 and 3 can be activated by both cytokine and non-cytokine receptors, and bind as homodimers or heterodimers to viral simian sarcoma virus (sis)-inducible elements such as that found in the c-fos promoter [19].
• The conditioned medium of Simian sarcoma virus (SSV)-transformed NRK cells contains at least two activities that down regulate the epidermal growth factor receptor [20].
• The varions have properties of known type C RNA tumor viruses and share antigenic determinants with the major interspecies-specific antigen (p30) of simian sarcoma virus [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sarcoma Virus, Woolly Monkey

• Antibodies cross-reactive with type C viral p30 were concentrated by means of affinity chromatography using Sepharose beads to which disrupted Simian sarcoma virus or Rauscher murine leukemia virus p30 had been coupled [22].
• The polypeptides associated with a zonal centrifugation purified simian sarcoma virus propagated in lymphoblastoid NC-37 cells were isolated by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) using a procedure designed to minimize the loss of immunochemical reactivity [23].

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