Disease relevance of Trimix

• The high pressure nervous syndrome (h.p.n.s.) was studied in man from clinical, electrophysiological and psychometric viewpoints during a variety of simulated dives to depths deeper than 300 m (between 300 and 610 m), which used different modes of compression and different gas mixtures (Heliox, Trimix) [1].
• In addition, the trimix group was impaired because of nitrogen narcosis [2].
• At 450 msw using trimix, the mean resting heart rate of divers slowed significantly from 64 +/- 1.3 beats/min at surface to 55 +/- 1.4 beats/min at 450 msw, respiratory rate decreased from 15 +/- 1.4 at surface to 11 +/- 2 at 450 msw, and sinus arrhythmia increased [3].

Psychiatry related information on Trimix

• A total of 400 patients with erectile dysfunction were evaluated before and after diagnostic intracavernous injection of a trimix solution (papaverine+phentolamine+PGE1) using color Doppler sonography [4].
• Auditory event-related potentials and reaction time during decompression from hyperbaric trimix conditions [5].

High impact information on Trimix

• At the 2-year follow-up of 447 patients, 131 (29.3%) were successfully treated with sildanefil citrate, 92 (20.6%) with dimix, 122 (27.3%) with trimix, 12 (2.7%) with quadmix, and 2 (0.4%) with sildanefil citrate + trimix; 5 patients (1.1%) had a penile implant [6].
• Those with contraindications, drug adverse effects, or a negative response (erection insufficient for vaginal penetration) were given intracavernous injections of a cocktail of vasoactive drugs (dimix, trimix, or quadmix), followed by the addition of sildenafil citrate to the trimix in case of failure, and then a penile prosthesis [6].
• CONCLUSIONS: Administration of booster injections of 20 micrograms prostaglandin E1 after an initial injection of trimix did not induce sufficient cavernous smooth muscle relaxation [7].
• Central and peripheral causes of hyperreflexia in humans breathing 5% trimix at 650 m [8].
• They also underwent intracavernosal injection (ICI) of a trimix (papaverine, prostaglandin E1 and phentolamine mixture) and pharmaco-penile duplex ultrasonography (PPDU) [9].

Biological context of Trimix

• To evaluate and compare the cutaneous temperature of the penis in normal men, those with erectile dysfunction (ED), those with semirigid penile prostheses (SRPPs), and those with inflatable penile prostheses (IPPs), and those before and after trimix injection to create a penile erection [10].
• Soleus H reflex studies in humans at 40-70 bar in helium-oxygen-nitrogen (trimix) [11].
• The drop in systemic blood pressure was lower after injection of a TAM-containing trimix than a PHE-containing one, although not statistically different [12].

Anatomical context of Trimix

• Central nervous system reactions during heliox and trimix dives to 51 ATA, DEEP EX 81 [2].

Associations of Trimix with other chemical compounds

• Data analysis addressed 318 exposures to compressed air at 3.9-4.4 bar gauge and 52 exposures to trimix (25% oxygen, 25% helium, and 50% nitrogen) at 4.6-4.8 bar gauge [13].
• Excitability of the Hoffmann (H) reflex was studied in 6 subjects at pressures of 40 to 70 bar during two trimix exposures (10% N2, 0.5 bar O2, the remainder He; Atlantis II and III simulated dives, Duke University Medical Center) [11].

Gene context of Trimix

• Professional divers were compressed with trimix to 4 ATA (2 persons, aged 35 and 26) and to 11 ATA (3 persons, aged 34, 26, and 23) for saturation dives with durations of 48 and 50 h, followed by 33 and 109 h of decompression, respectively [14].
• BACKGROUND: Auditory event-related potentials (ERP) and sensomotor reaction time (RT) were investigated in divers during decompression from hyperbaric trimix conditions in order to assess the auditory information processing of the divers [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Trimix

• This study compares the effects of various so-called trimix mixtures (10, 20, and 40% N2 in He-O2) on the convulsion threshold pressure (Pc) and EEG activity in 60 adult male Wistar rats with chronically implanted electrodes with those in 20 rats in He-O2 only [15].

References