Disease relevance of AIDS097611

• Among the tetranucleotides, several four-base-pair palindromes tend to be under-represented in phage sequences, probably as a means of restriction avoidance [1].
• The ability of Vsr to recognize T:G mispairs in sequences related to CCWGG is probably responsible for over- and under-representation of certain tetranucleotides in the E. coli genome [2].
• The 3' tetranucleotides of the plus strand of all genome segments of RDV and RGDV were found to be the same (---UGAU 3'), except for segment 9 of RDV which had the 3'-terminal sequence---CGAU 3'. The conserved 3'-terminal sequence (---UGAU 3') was the same as that found in the genome segments of WTV, another member of the Phytoreovirus genus [3].
• Elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotides (EMAST), a new form of microsatellite instability (MSI) affecting tetranucleotide repeats, was recently described to be frequent in several tumor types (e.g., bladder, lung, ovarian, and skin cancers) [4].
• Isolates of adenovirus types 1 and 2, obtained from 11 infants with prolonged faecal excretion (up to 515 days), were compared by DNA restriction analysis with seven standard endonucleases which recognize hexanucleotides and two additional endonucleases which recognize tetranucleotides [5].

High impact information on AIDS097611

• The high prevalence of tetranucleotides mediating PV is an exceptional feature of the Hi genome [6].
• The refractoriness to MMR of hypermutation in Hi tetranucleotides facilitates adaptive switching without the deleterious increase in global mutation rates that accompanies a mutator genotype [6].
• This involved microinjection into Xenopus laevis oocytes and incubation in a yeast extract of restructured yeast tRNAPhe in which the anticodon GmAA and the 3' adjacent Y nucleoside were substituted by various tetranucleotides ending with a guanosine [7].
• Although the fragment is devoid of dTTPase and helicase activities, it catalyzes template-directed synthesis of di-, tri-, and tetranucleotides [8].
• Comparison of these estimates with the direct observations of mutation rates at microsatellites indicates that the earlier suggestion of higher mutation rates of tetranucleotides in comparison with the dinucleotides may stem from a nonrandom sampling of tetranucleotide loci in direct mutation assays [9].

Biological context of AIDS097611

• Nucleotide sequence analysis suggested that the long terminal repeat or the tetranucleotides G-G-T-C and G-A-C-C (or both) were involved in the generation of these mutants [10].
• Global analysis of genomic texts: the distribution of AGCT tetranucleotides in the Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis genomes predicts translational frameshifting and ribosomal hopping in several genes [11].
• More than for any other bacterial genome, palindromic tetranucleotides are underrepresented in H. influenzae [12].
• We hypothesized that, similarly to the MSI phenotype, development of EMAST cancers may be promoted by mutations affecting tetranucleotides located in coding regions of the genome [13].
• To reveal the gas-phase chemistry of RNA and DNA fragmentation during MALDI mass spectrometry in positive ion mode, we performed hydrogen/deuterium exchange on a series of RNA and DNA tetranucleotides and studied their fragmentation patterns on a high-resolution MALDI TOF-TOF instrument [14].

Anatomical context of AIDS097611

• This study was done by micro-injection into Xenopus laevis oocytes of restructured yeast tRNAPhe in which the anticodon GmAA and the 3' adjacent nucleotide 'Y' were substituted by various tetranucleotides [15].
• A limited digest of thymus DNA with salmon testes DNase was composed of fragments larger than tetranucleotides [16].
• ApUpG, the oligoribonucleotide homologous to the initiation codon, as well as the tetranucleotides ApUpGpA and ApUpGpG block initiation of protein synthesis in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate [17].
• Tetranucleotides as effectors for the binding of initiator tRNA to Escherichia coli ribosomes [18].

Associations of AIDS097611 with other chemical compounds

• Small ligands, ranging in size from ribose- and deoxyribose-phosphate to tetranucleotides, quench the fluorescence by 2 to 6%; larger ligands quench from 20 to 35% of the intrinsic protein fluorescence [19].
• The method is based on the alkaline titration of ring protons of the thymine and guanine base moieties and results in excellent separations of di-, tri- and tetranucleotides that either are not resolved in salt gradients near neutral pH or require long elution times when salt gradient elution is used with strongly alkaline eluents [20].
• The solution structure of an estrone (Es)-tethered tandem DNA duplex consisting of two Es-tethered tetranucleotides and a target octameric DNA sequence is reported [21].

Gene context of AIDS097611

• We have measured all six of the 2-fold symmetric dinucleotide sequences that can flank a branch point, and find small preferences (< 650 cal/mol) at 4 degrees C. The largest preference decreases when the 2-fold symmetry is extended to tetranucleotides [22].
• Substitutions in either of the tetranucleotides abrogated VA RNA function in two independent PKR-based assays, demonstrating the importance of these sequences in vivo [23].
• The M. jannaschii sequence is unprecedented in its extreme underrepresentation of CTAG tetranucleotides and in the anomalous distribution of CTAG sites around the genome [12].
• A blood sample and six tissue samples were collected from each case.Seven STRs were chosen for study, the tetranucleotides HUMVWA31/A, HUMTH01, HUMF13A1, and HUMFES/FPS, and the hyperpolymorphic markers HUMAPOAI1, D11S554 and HUMACTBP2 [24].
• The GATA and GACA arrays were not perfect but were heavily degenerated, in that they contained many tetranucleotides that might have been derived by a single point mutation from GATA or GACA [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of AIDS097611

• Sequence analysis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides by mass spectrometry. 2. Application of computerized pattern recognition to sequence determination of di-, tri-, and tetranucleotides [26].

References