Disease relevance of Konakion

• There is increasing evidence, however, that oral phytomenadione prophylaxis is less effective for the prevention of late vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) than intramuscular prophylaxis [1].
• Conversely, methemoglobinemia increased as a function of time in groups in which iNO was associated to drug administration and was significantly greater than the control group at 3 hrs (80 ppm iNO + acetaminophen, 2.80%+/-0.47%; 80 ppm iNO + phytomenadione, 2.38%+/-0.45%; 80 ppm iNO + EMLA cream, 2.33%+/-046%; p < .001) [2].
• Pharmacokinetics and safety of a new solution of vitamin K1(20) in children with cholestasis [3].
• Immediate cutaneous hypersensitivity response to phytomenadione induced by vitamin K in skin diagnostic procedure [4].
• Therefore, we investigated plasma levels in 18 infants: 14 preterms with a birthweight of 1785+/-648 g and 4 sick newborns with a birth-weight of 3167+/-510 g after administration of a single dose of 0.3+/-0.1 mg/kg phylloquinone (vitamin K(1)) (Konakion MM((R)), Roche) intravenously after birth [5].

High impact information on Konakion

• The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antihemorrhagic vitamin, menatetrenone after intravenous injection as the lipid emulsion, were compared to those as the micellar solutions [6].
• Compared to the old formulation (Konakion) using Cremophor EL as a solubilizer, the higher vitamin K1(20) levels (as measured by HPLC) in serum obtained after oral administration of the MM formulation clearly demonstrate a superiority of this new formulation [3].
• Conversely, vitamin K (Konakion) seemed to counteract microgravity-induced reduction of bone formation markers [7].
• This study investigated the possible oxidative effect of vitamin K3 (menadione) and Vitamin K1 (Konakion) on neonatal erythrocytes by controlled in vitro exposure [8].
• Therefore, it seems that menadione, which is no longer administered to newborns, causes oxidative stress in neonatal cells whereas Konakion, the current vitamin K1, does not, either in in vitro studies or by therapeutic administration [8].

Biological context of Konakion

• Vitamin K deficiency may be responsible for hypoprothrombinaemia, which may lead to bleeding diathesis, Vitamin K (phytomenadione) should therefore be promptly administered intravenously, at a dose of 1 mg [9].
• The whole blood viscosity was significantly lowered after phytomenadione (5.28 +/- 0.58 mPas before, 4.64 +/- 0.74 mPas after, p < 0.02) with unchanged plasma viscosity, but significantly lowered internal viscosity of erythrocytes [10].

Anatomical context of Konakion

• If active bleeding occurs, prothrombin complex concentrate (which contains factors II, VII, IX and X) 50 units/kg, or recombinant activated factor VII 1.2-4.8mg or fresh frozen plasma 15 mL/kg (if no concentrate is available) and phytomenadione 10mg intravenously (100 microg/kg bodyweight for a child) should be given [11].
• METHODS: G-6-PD deficient (n = 7) and control (n = 10) umbilical cord blood red blood cells were incubated in vitro with a vitamin K1 preparation (Konakion) [12].

Gene context of Konakion

• STUDY DESIGN: This work was performed to investigate the role of vitamin K (VK) in the pathogenesis of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), by analyzing the biochemical markers of the blood samples of OPLL patients and responses of ligament cells derived from OPLL lesion to VK2 [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Konakion

• Analysis of supplemented vitamin K1(20) in serum microsamples by solid-phase extraction and narrow-bone HPLC with multichannel ultraviolet detection [14].
• A sensitive method for the determination of vitamin K1(20) in serum microsamples (50 microL) has been developed, utilizing solid-phase extraction with C8 Bond-Elut columns and reversed-phase narrow-bore high-performance liquid chromatography [2.1 mm (i.d.), column] with a nonaqueous eluent [14].
• RESULTS: Liver function tests and international normalized ratio were comparable between groups at entry into the study (P > 0.05), but serum albumin was significantly lower in the intravenous phytomenadione group following treatment (P < 0.05) [15].
• 1. The pharmacokinetics and tolerance of phylloquinone(vitamin K1) mixed micelles formulation (Konakion MM) were evaluated, in normal human adult volunteers (n = 30) using an open randomized crossover design protocol following a 10 mg intravenous or intramuscular injection [16].
• Method for the determination of vitamin K1(20) in human plasma by stable isotope dilution/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry [17].

References