Disease relevance of ACSL3

• The role of long-chain fatty-acid-CoA ligase 3 in vitamin D3 and androgen control of prostate cancer LNCaP cell growth [1].
• ACSL3, ACSL6_v1, and ACSL6_v2 with Flag-epitopes at the C-termini were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified on Flag-affinity columns [2].
• A minimal promoter region required for the expression of the human ACS3 gene in melanoma G361 cells was determined [3].
• ACS-3 may be suggested as a specific photosensitization agent for photoinactivation of gram-negative bacteria [4].

High impact information on ACSL3

• The purified ACS3 utilizes laurate and myristate most efficiently among C8-C22 saturated fatty acids and arachidonate and eicosapentaenoate among C16-C20 unsaturated fatty acids [5].
• ACS3 expressed in COS cells was purified to near homogeneity [5].
• The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA revealed that ACS3 consists of 720 amino acids and exhibits a structural architecture common to ACSs from various origins [5].
• Northern blot analysis revealed that ACS3 mRNA is most abundant in brain and, to a much lesser extent, in lung, adrenal gland, kidney, and small intestine [5].
• Analysis of LE-ACS3, a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene expressed during flooding in the roots of tomato plants [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of ACSL3

• In our previous studies, we found that FAS and FACL3 genes were vitamin D3-regulated and involved in the antiproliferative effect of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 in the human prostate cancer LNCaP cells [7].

Biological context of ACSL3

• The upregulation of FACL3/ACS3 expression by vitamin D(3) was recovered by the addition of DHT in DCC-serum medium [1].
• Hybridization using the first and third introns of LE-ACS3 separately as probes indicate that flooding may inhibit processing of the LE-ACS3 transcript [6].
• The action of myristic acid was abrogated by inhibition of FACL3 activity, suggesting that the enhancement in the downregulation of FAS expression by vitamin D3 is due to the formation of myristoyl-CoA [7].
• Human acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 3 cDNA and localization of its gene (ACS3) to chromosome band 2q34-q35 [8].
• The human ACS3 gene was mapped between the sequence-tagged site markers D2S360 and WI-21901 [3].

Anatomical context of ACSL3

• ACS3 is an arachidonate-preferring enzyme expressed in a wide range of human tissues including brain, heart, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus [3].

Associations of ACSL3 with chemical compounds

• Based on cDNA microarray results, we found that long-chain fatty-acid-CoA ligase 3 (FACL3/ACS3) might play an important role in vitamin D(3) and androgen regulation of LNCaP cell growth [1].
• Compared to ACSL4, another brain isoform, ACSL3, ACSL6_v1, and ACSL6_v2 showed similarities in kinetic values for CoA, palmitate, and arachidonate, but their apparent Km values for oleate were 4- to 6-fold lower than for ACSL4 [2].
• Despite the high amino acid identity between ACSL3 and ACSL4, rosiglitazone inhibited only ACSL4 [2].
• Myristic acid, one of the substrates preferential for FACL3, enhanced the repression of FAS expression by vitamin D3 [7].
• The secondary abundant proteins were identified to be acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (ACS3) and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 11 (17betaHSD11) [9].

Regulatory relationships of ACSL3

• Vitamin D3 inhibits fatty acid synthase expression by stimulating the expression of long-chain fatty-acid-CoA ligase 3 in prostate cancer cells [7].

Other interactions of ACSL3

• Because ACSL3 and ACSL6 are the predominant ACSL isoforms in brain, we cloned and characterized these isoforms from rat brain and identified a novel ACSL6 clone (ACSL6_v2) [2].
• This suggests that the downregulation of FAS expression by vitamin D3 is mediated by vitamin D3 upregulation of FACL3 expression [7].
• Three converted SCAR markers (ACS-3, -7, and -9) are inseparable from the Vf gene; whereas one (ACS-6) is located left of, and the remaining seven (ACS-1, -2, -4, -5, -8, -10, and -11) are located right of the Vf gene at genetic distances of 0.4 and 0.2 cM, respectively [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ACSL3

• Sequence analysis of genomic clones demonstrates that the human ACS3 gene spans at least 80.6 kb and contains 17 exons [3].

References