Disease relevance of polh

• Using this assay, we found that three genes located between 83.7 and 7.5 map units of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome were involved in expression from the late capsid protein (vp39) and very late polyhedrin (polh) gene promoters [1].
• The polyhedrin gene (polh) was identified from the Trichoplusia ni (Tni) single capsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SNPV) [2].
• Sequences encoding adenovirus type 2 DNA polymerase were placed under control of the polyhedrin promoter and inserted into the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus by homologous recombination [3].
• The open reading frame encoding this spheroidinlike protein was inserted into a baculovirus expression vector, and recombinant protein was synthesized under control of the polyhedrin promoter [4].
• Baculovirus polyhedrin promoter-directed expression of rubella virus envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2, in Spodoptera frugiperda cells [5].

High impact information on polh

• To identify the protein responsible for the virion RNA polymerase activity, the complete 3.9 Kb DNA clone representing the largest RNA segment 1 (L1) of bluetongue virus (BTV-10) was placed under control of the polyhedrin promoter of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) [6].
• The BmN cells were coinfected with two BmNPVs, one with a mutation at the polyhedrin gene (polh) locus and a second carrying a lacZ gene marker cassette [7].
• These 18 genes, known as late expression factor genes (lefs), are also required to transactivate the very late promoter of the polyhedrin gene, polh, but expression from this promoter is relatively weak compared with expression from the vp39 promoter [8].
• An appropriate fragment of the human c-myc gene was inserted downstream from the polyhedrin promoter of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus and tested in bioassays on Spodoptera frugiperda larvae [9].
• Pcap regulation of cat was determined at the RNA and enzyme activity levels, and was compared to cat gene expression driven by Ppolh, the promoter of the polyhedrin gene (polh) [10].

Biological context of polh

• Eleven different BmNPV mutants carrying the lacZ gene marker at various distances (1.4 to 61.7 kb) from polh were used for the coinfections [7].
• Northern blot analysis showed that i) AcMNPV immediate-early gene (IE-1) was transcribed in BM cells at higher levels than in SF cells; ii) a delayed-early gene (dnapol) and a late gene (cap) were transcribed at much lower levels in the abortive infection; and iii) a very late gene (polh) was transcribed at extremely low levels in BM cells [11].
• Because the polyhedrin gene remains intact, these p10 expression vectors may be exploited for the expression of heterologous proteins in insects infected per os and for the enhancement of baculovirus pathogenicity for insect control [12].
• The range of luminescence measurements was normally over four orders of magnitude, and the kinetics of luciferase synthesis and the levels of light produced in vivo closely correlated with the expression of polyhedrin in AcNPV infected cells when analyzed by SDS-PAGE [13].
• The cDNA sequence coding for the cellular form of the murine abl gene (c-abl type IV) has been inserted into the baculovirus transfer vector, pAc36C, so that the c-abl gene is under the control of the polyhedrin promoter of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) [14].

Anatomical context of polh

• A full-length cDNA encoding human salivary-gland preprokallikrein was inserted into the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus downstream of the polyhedrin promoter [15].
• A recombinant baculovirus containing a luciferase gene from the click beetle, Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus, under transcriptional regulation of the polyhedrin gene promoter of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) was used to infect a Spodoptera frugiperda cell line [13].

Associations of polh with chemical compounds

• The two highly expressed genes of AcNPV, polh and the p10, differ from the overall AcNPV codon usage profile with respect to at least nine amino acids (Val, Ala, Ser, Lys, Ile, Thr, Leu, Phe, Arg) [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of polh

• Results of bioassays showed that the antisense construct stopped feeding as soon as the polyhedrin promoter-driven transcripts accumulated, followed shortly by death of the larvae [9].
• The vector incorporates a number of features: phage f1 ori to facilitate site-directed mutagenesis, the strong polyhedrin promoter upstream from the melittin signal peptide-encoding sequence, and eight unique restriction sites to facilitate fusion of heterologous genes [17].

References