Disease relevance of RAB3D

• Using the technique of DD-PCR (differential display-polymerase chain reaction) we isolated a novel gene (D2-2) that is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme tissue (GMT) as compared to normal brain tissue (NBT) [1].
• D2-2 is also highly expressed in recurrent glioma, colon tumor metastatic to brain, breast tumors, prostate tumors and a prostate tumor cell line (LNCaP) [1].
• D2-2 is moderately expressed in neuroblastoma, neuroectodermal and medulloblastoma tumor cell lines [1].
• To elucidate cis-elements of the rab16 promoter that confer ABA-inducible expression, variously modified 40-bp fragments (-264 to -225) of the rab16B promoter were fused to a truncated (-46 bp) cauliflower mosaic virus 35S minimal promoter, and their activities in protoplasts were analyzed [2].
• Gastric varices were classified as gastroesophageal (GOV) or isolated gastric varices (IGV) [3].

High impact information on RAB3D

• One protein, rab16, is closely related to members of the rab3 subfamily, whereas two others are assigned as the rat homologs of canine rab8 and rab10 [4].
• To localize abscisic acid (ABA)-inducible gene expression of rab16 genes, rab16A promoter was linked to the gusA reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase and introduced into rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants [2].
• The Osem promoter has three ACGTG-containing sequences, motif A, motif B and motif A', which resemble the abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE) that was previously identified in the wheat Em and the rice Rab16 [5].
• Phylogenetic analysis of 5'-noncoding regions from the ABA-responsive rab16/17 gene family of sorghum, maize and rice provides insight into the composition, organization and function of cis-regulatory modules [6].
• In this study, phylogenetic analysis of 5'-noncoding sequences was optimized using rab17, a well-characterized ABA-responsive gene from maize, and five additional rab16/17 homologs from sorghum and rice [6].

Biological context of RAB3D

• Assignment of the GOV (Glioblastoma overexpressed) gene to human chromosome band 19p13.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization [7].
• Nucleotide sequence of a rice rab16 homologue gene [8].
• Exploring genome architecture through GOV: a WWW-based gene order visualizer [9].
• The cDNA encoded an open reading frame of 306 amino acids, and the deduced amino-acid sequence was found to share two motifs, namely SSSSSSEDDGXGGRRKKGXXXKIKEKLXGG and EKKXXXDKIKXKLPG, with rab16 protein from rice and dehydrins from barley and maize [10].

Anatomical context of RAB3D

• D2-2 expression is localized to the frontal lobe, occipital lobe and the cerebellum in the normal brain [1].
• Normal tissues such as thyroid, stomach, adrenal cortex, small intestine and pancreas show high expression of D2-2 [1].
• Additionally, D2-2 is very highly expressed in cell lines derived from glioblastomas, grade IV astrocytomas, normal human fetal astrocytes (NHFA) and glioma [1].
• The closest D-segment germ line was D2-2 or D6-6, and for the J-segment the closest germ line was JH4b or JH6b [11].

Other interactions of RAB3D

• Cytosolic RAB3D is associated with RAB escort protein (REP), not RAB-GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI), in dispersed chief cells from guinea pig stomach [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of RAB3D

• Sequence analysis of a 2.0-kb fragment for D2-2 shows no homology to known sequences in the data base [1].
• Primary gastric varices (before sclerotherapy) were seen in 61% cases [GOV 98% (83% GOV1, 15% GOV2) and IGV 2%] and secondary (after sclerotherapy) in 28% [GOV 71% (47% GOV1, 24% GOV2) and IGV 29%] [3].

References