Disease relevance of Parathyroid Diseases

• Furthermore, our results are in accordance with the observation that MEN 2A patients with Cys 634-->Arg (germline) mutations have a higher risk of developing parathyroid disease than those with other mutations at codon 634 [1].
• Secondly, 20 archival parathyroid adenomas were screened for somatic mutations in the transmembrane region of RET, the region associated with germline mutations in MEN2A and hence parathyroid disease, using a PCR-solid phase direct sequencing approach [2].
• The surgical management of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) parathyroid disease and involvement of the endocrine pancreas remains controversial [3].
• It is also suggested that ultrasonographic intervention of parathyroid hyperplasia may not only be a useful and safe adjunct to calcitriol pulse therapy, but may also serve as a new therapeutic modality for parathyroid diseases in future [4].
• BACKGROUND: Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism (FIHP) is a hereditary disorder characterised by uni- or multiglandular parathyroid disease [5].

Psychiatry related information on Parathyroid Diseases

• A questionnaire covering known causes of generalized osteoporosis (GO), including history of smoking, alcohol consumption, medications, other fractures, thyroid/parathyroid disorders, epilepsy, and renal disorders, was answered by all the subjects [6].

High impact information on Parathyroid Diseases

• Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in patients with parathyroid disorders. Effect of serum calcium on insulin release [7].
• AIx was also directly correlated with evidence of more active parathyroid disease, including higher PTH levels (r = +0.42; P < 0.05) and lower bone mineral density at the distal one-third radius (r = -0.33; P < 0.05) [8].
• The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was therefore an independent predictor of increased AIx, an early measure of arterial stiffness, and the increase was associated with evidence of more active parathyroid disease [8].
• Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy in the treatment of thyroid and parathyroid diseases [9].
• Thus serum PTH was increased in seven patients with parathyroid disease coexisting with malignancy, and plasma PTHrP was increased in five patients with previous undiagnosed malignancy [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Parathyroid Diseases

• Preoperative parathyroid localization: correlating false-negative technetium 99m sestamibi scans with parathyroid disease [11].
• To distinguish this subset of patients from the majority of MH, we compared both groups for: (1) etiology of the renal disease, (2) presence of residual renal function, (3) dialysis prescription, (4) decreased arterial O2 saturation, (5) greater use of vitamins or anabolic steroids, (6) absence of parathyroid disease [12].
• The 24-h urinary cyclic adenosine 3', 5' monophosphate/creatinine ratio: an useful approach to the diagnosis of parathyroid disorders and function [13].
• Responsiveness of urinary cyclic AMP and phosphate to parathyroid extract in patients with parathyroid disorders [14].
• It is anticipated that cimetidine has provided a tool for the in depth exploration of parathyroid disease [15].

Biological context of Parathyroid Diseases

• In addition, our identification of a microsatellite polymorphism of the PTH gene should help further segregation studies of this locus in families with parathyroid disorders [16].
• The presence of elevated levels of FGF3 expression in abnormal parathyroid tissue may be significant, as the FGF3 gene (int-2 proto-oncogene) is located on chromosome 11q13.3, a region already identified as being susceptible to rearrangement/mutation in parathyroid disease [17].

Anatomical context of Parathyroid Diseases

• In conclusion, the ratio of baseline level/maximum level of serum PTH may unfold a new aspect of secretion abnormality of parathyroid glands in several forms of parathyroid disorders [18].

Gene context of Parathyroid Diseases

• An understanding of the functions of MENIN will provide further insights into parathyroid disease [19].
• DISCUSSION: We hypothesize that TA plays a role in the malignant transformation of parathyroid disease and suggest that hTERT mRNA expression could be the key step for TA as in other malignancies [20].
• Since the prevalences of hypercalcaemia of malignancy and parathyroid disease reflect the population studied, hypercalcaemic patients from a district general hospital (DGH) and an oncology centre (OC) were studied in order to assess the diagnostic role of assays for serum PTH and plasma PTHrP in different clinical settings [10].
• Cyclin D1 in parathyroid disease [21].
• Thus, serum BGP is a marker that reflects bone turnover status in parathyroid disease [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Parathyroid Diseases

• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of a rapid intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) immunoradiometric assay in the surgical management of parathyroid disease, particularly with reference to limiting extent of cervical exploration [23].

References