Disease relevance of Prevalence

• OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalences of PSA and colorectal cancer screening among US men [1].
• Age-specific PSA levels were used to estimate the prevalences of undetected prostate cancer in the two populations [2].
• Patients with thrombocytopenia from various causes (n = 50), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; n = 40), and the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS; n = 55) had prevalences of IgG antibodies of 8%, 13%, and 5% respectively, only slightly higher than the prevalence in 111 healthy donors (4%) [3].
• Aneuploidy (hyperdiploidy) and loss of the Y chromosome correlated with the advancing stages toward neoplasia (P < 0.001) and reached high prevalences (70-100%) in high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma [4].
• Participants with AR had larger aortic root diameters (3.6+/-0.4 vs. 3.4+/-0.4 cm, p<0.001), higher creatinine levels (1.3+/-1.3 vs. 1.0+/-1.0 mg/dl, p<0.001) and higher urine albumin/creatinine levels (3.6+/-2.3 vs. 3.3+/-2.0 log, p<0.001), as well as higher prevalences of aortic stenosis (AS) or mitral stenosis (MS) (p<0.001) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Prevalence

• METHOD: Prevalences of recovery, treatment-seeking, and natural recovery were estimated among individuals from the Gambling Impact and Behavior Study (N=2,417) and the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (N=43,093) who reported a lifetime history of DSM-IV pathological gambling disorder (N=21 and N=185, respectively) [6].
• In community-dwelling elderly patients, prevalences of depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder are 15% and 1% to 3%, respectively [7].
• BACKGROUND: Prevalences of Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) in China reportedly differ from those in Western countries [8].
• RESULTS: In NHANES 1999-2002, the prevalences of elevated ALT, AST, or either ALT or AST were 8.9%, 4.9%, and 9.8%, respectively, in the entire population and 7.3%, 3.6%, and 8.1%, respectively, after excluding participants who tested positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody or reported excessive alcohol consumption [9].
• CONCLUSIONS: Low prevalences and effects of low testosterone and high prolactin in erectile dysfunction cannot justify their routine determination [10].

High impact information on Prevalence

• The overall prevalences were 12.6 percent for resistance to any of the four drugs [corrected] (range, 2.3 to 42.4 percent) and 2.2 percent for multidrug resistance (range, 0 to 22.1 percent) [11].
• For women who used multivitamins without folic acid during the first 6 weeks of pregnancy and women who used multivitamins containing folic acid beginning after 7 or more weeks of pregnancy, the prevalences were similar to that of the nonusers and the prevalence ratios were close to 1.0 [12].
• The simple restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern of the IVS 1 probe was exploited by comparing 113 IDDM patients with 177 healthy controls to show increased prevalences in IDDM of the 12-kb (P less than 0.0001) and 4-kb (P less than 0.0001) fragments [13].
• Prevalences in the prolonged, intermediate, and little or no groups at age 17 were 42 (95% CI 31-52)%, 36 (28-44)%, and 65 (56-74)% (p = 0.02, trend test) for atopy, respectively, and 8 (6-10)%, 23 (21-25)%, and 54 (52-56)% (p = 0.0001, trend test) for substantial atopy [14].
• Prevalences were 1% and 72%, respectively, in patients with fewer than 200 CD4 cells/mm3, and 8.4% and 25.5%, respectively, in those with 600 CD4 cells/mm3 (P < 0.001 for both comparisons) [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Prevalence

• RESULTS: The prevalences of risk factors were in the order of central adiposity > dyslipidemia > hyperinsulinemia (2-h) > glucose intolerance > obesity > hypertension [16].
• OBJECTIVE--The Pima Indians of Arizona have the highest reported prevalences of obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) [17].
• Fenoprofen and aspirin did not differ significantly in the observed prevalences of abdominal discomfort, guaiac-positive stools, or peptic ulcers [18].
• For quartiles of the lipid parameters, prevalences of albuminuria showed significant association with ApoB and non-HDL cholesterol (P trend <0.05) [19].
• The prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis isolates that are moderately susceptible to penicillin and ampicillin has increased very quickly in Spain; the current prevalences in our hospital are 48.4 and 55.6%, respectively [20].

Biological context of Prevalence

• No significant differences were found in the prevalences of C3 phenotypes or the S and F gene frequencies among the groups studied [21].
• The prevalences of heterozygotes for F V G1691A and F II G20210A were not significantly different between cases and controls (6.3% v 6.4% and 5.9% v 3.4% among cases and controls, respectively) [22].
• High prevalences and elevated Ab levels to LSA-1, directed primarily, although not exclusively, to the repetitive region, were detected in sera of individuals from one moderately high and two low transmission malaria-endemic areas (prevalences of 97%, 75, and 77%, respectively) [23].
• RESULTS: The frequency of the C/C(-13910) genotype defining lactase non-persistence was well in agreement in this study with published figures for the prevalences of adult-type hypolactasia in Africans and Whites [24].
• RESULTS: Adolescents with the HW phenotype had significantly higher prevalences of all metabolic risk factors except elevated fasting glucose than did those without the HW phenotype [25].

Anatomical context of Prevalence

• In atherosclerotic plaques, the prevalences of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 on plaque neovasculature were twofold higher than their prevalences on arterial luminal endothelium [26].
• A 75% penetrance of the islet cell disease and 90% for primary hyperparathyroidism within the affected individuals equalled the prevalences reported in autopsy studies [27].
• Prevalences of Gs alpha, ras, p53 mutations and ret/PTC rearrangement in differentiated thyroid tumours in a Korean population [28].
• RESULTS: The prevalences of autoantibody sets included: dsDNA and/or histone, 59%; U1 RNP and/or Sm, 40%; Ro and/or La, 41%; ribosomes, 4.4%; Ku, 4.4%; Ki, 2.9% [29].
• RESULTS: The prevalences of positive symptoms and tests were as follows: dysuria 32%, nitrite 40.3%, leukocyte esterase 65.6%, and Uricult dip slides 16.4% [30].

Associations of Prevalence with chemical compounds

• Chile has one of the highest prevalences of cholesterol gallstone disease in the world [31].
• Prevalences of glucose tolerance categories (1999 WHO criteria) were adjusted for sample probabilities [32].
• RESULTS: Serum homocysteine levels, serum folate levels, and the prevalences of folate deficiency and anemia were not associated with depression status [33].
• The point prevalences of CFS were thus 0.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0% to 0.6%), 0.4% (95% CI, 0% to 0.8%), and 1.0% (95% CI, 0.4% to 1.6%) using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, British, and Australian case definitions, respectively [34].
• Although the prevalences of high fasting serum retinyl esters concentration and low BMD were both substantial in this sample, there were no significant associations between fasting serum retinyl esters and any measure of bone mineral status [35].

Gene context of Prevalence

• Among these families (24 with facioscapulohumeral disease, 10 with Friedreich's ataxia, and 15 with schizophrenia) the prevalences of TPO Ab and Tg Ab were 27.8% and 26.7%, respectively, in women and 9.2% and 11.7%, respectively, in men [36].
• The importance of both the CYP1A1 exon 7 (ile:val) and GSTM1 (0/0) polymorphisms in oral cancer susceptibility was assessed by examining polymorphic prevalences in 135 patients with oral cancer and 135 noncancer controls frequency-matched by age at diagnosis (+/- 5 years), race, sex, and institute of patient recruitment [37].
• Statistical comparisons between the TGPO aAb prevalences in the various groups showed that TGPO aAb could be used as a parameter to distinguish between the groups of Hashimoto's and Graves' patients and between the women with post-partum thyroiditis and the post-partum women with only Tg and/or TPO aAb established during early pregnancy [38].
• OBJECTIVE: In thyroid tumours, ras, Gs alpha, p53 mutations and ret/PTC rearrangement have been reported with variable prevalences in different geographical regions [28].
• CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the prevalences of HLA-DPB1 alleles between Taiwanese patients with RA and healthy controls [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Prevalence

• The prevalences of HBP and BHBP were twofold greater with the standard cuff than with the large adult or thigh cuffs in obese patients (arm circumference greater than or equal to 35 cm or body mass index greater than or equal to 34 or weight greater than or equal to 95 kg) [40].
• Analysis of the model also indicates that at prevalences less than 80%, exercise thallium scintigraphy alone as a first test (policy II) is a more cost-effective initial test than is exercise electrocardiography alone as a first test (policy I) or exercise electrocardiography first combined with thallium imaging as a second test (policy IV) [41].
• The prevalences of allergic rhinitis, asthma, and inhalant skin tests were unaffected [42].
• The authors used data from the 1970 National Fertility Survey and Centers for Disease Control surveillance of surgical sterilizations to estimate the cumulative prevalences of hysterectomy and tubal sterilization among women of reproductive age in the United States between 1971 and 1978 [43].
• The prevalences of anti-HCV antibodies were 2.3, 76.3 and 64.7% in healthy blood donors, patients on maintenance hemodialysis, and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), respectively [44].

References