Disease relevance of Laryngeal Muscles

• Adductory spasmodic dysphonia is a focal dystonia of laryngeal muscles [1].
• The activity of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles during hypercapnia (end-tidal CO2, 8% to 10%) was analyzed in comparison with that during eucapnia [2].
• Laryngeal dystonia is a syndrome characterized by action-induced, involuntary spasms of the laryngeal muscles [3].
• Elevated F-18 FDG uptake in laryngeal muscles mimicking thyroid cancer metastases [4].

High impact information on Laryngeal Muscles

• During the early postmetamorphic period, androgen directs proliferation and differentiation of laryngeal muscle and cartilage [5].
• A muscle-specific nonviral vector containing the alpha-actin promoter and hIGF-I gene was used in formulation with a polyvinyl-based delivery system and injected into paralyzed adult rat laryngeal muscle [6].
• In adults, all male laryngeal muscle fibers express the mRNA for a laryngeal-specific myosin heavy chain (MHC), LM; female laryngeal muscle expresses LM in a subset of fast-twitch fibers [7].
• The effects of aerosolized distilled water and isosmolal dextrose in the isolated larynx on laryngeal muscle activity were studied in eight anesthetized dogs [8].
• In this study, we first determined whether and how testosterone (T) modifies the vocalizations of adult females and then examined changes underlying the behavioral modification at the laryngeal muscle and motoneuron levels [9].

Biological context of Laryngeal Muscles

• In prolactin-deprived animals, androgen-induced changes in the contractile properties of laryngeal muscle are blocked, which prevents the rapid rates of muscle contraction required for males to produce courtship songs [10].
• Histomorphometric data (fiber frequencies, fiber diameters, and atrophy factors) were determined in laryngeal muscles [thyroarytenoid (VOC), posterior (PCA) and lateral (LCA) cricoarytenoids, and cricothyroid (CT) muscles] [11].

Anatomical context of Laryngeal Muscles

• 1. Myotubes cultured from adult male Xenopus laevis laryngeal muscle have been found to express androgen receptors [12].
• In the intrinsic laryngeal muscles, pChAT-positive terminals were apposed closely to motor end-plates which were stained positively for acetylcholinesterase activity [13].
• Atrazine at concentrations between 0.1 and 25 microg/L did not significantly affect mortality, growth, gonad development, laryngeal muscle size, or aromatase activity in juvenile X. laevis [14].
• Electromyographic (EMG) recordings were made from the intrinsic laryngeal muscles (cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid) and the diaphragm of the cat to compare the effect of the same dose of different concentrations of lignocaine hydrocholoride applied topically to the laryngeal mucosa [15].

Associations of Laryngeal Muscles with chemical compounds

• Pharmacodynamic modeling of vecuronium-induced twitch depression. Rapid plasma-effect site equilibration explains faster onset at resistant laryngeal muscles than at the adductor pollicis [16].
• Unlike the finding for other nondepolarizing muscle relaxants, the laryngeal muscles are not resistant to rapacuronium [17].
• CONCLUSIONS: With mivacurium, onset and recovery are faster at the laryngeal muscles, but block is less intense than at the adductor pollicis [18].
• To further explore androgen regulation in adults, males and females were gonadectomized and implanted with silicone tubes containing testosterone propionate for 1.5-3 years and laryngeal muscle fibers and axon numbers compared to those of gonadectomized or sham-operated adult controls [19].
• It is concluded that, in adults, succinylcholine-induced blockade is more rapid and more intense at the laryngeal muscles than at the adductor pollicis [20].

Gene context of Laryngeal Muscles

• Comparison of cDNA sequences reveals that MYH13 also encodes the atypical MYH identified in laryngeal muscles, which have similar fast contractile properties [21].
• Based on these findings, it is hypothesized that the effects of hIGF-1 will enhance the results of laryngeal muscle innervation procedures [22].
• No significant differences were found between the ADSD and control subjects during non break words for any of the laryngeal muscles studied [23].
• To test this hypothesis, we determined whether laryngeal muscle expresses ER [24].
• Reinnervation of laryngeal muscles: a study of changes in myosin heavy chain expression [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Laryngeal Muscles

• Comparison of succinylcholine with two doses of rocuronium using a new method of monitoring neuromuscular block at the laryngeal muscles by surface laryngeal electromyography [26].
• The study of laryngeal muscle activity in normal human subjects and in patients with laryngeal dystonia using multiple fine-wire electromyography [27].
• In addition, the optical density of PAS-stained laryngeal muscle after electrical stimulation was increased following BT injection [28].
• OBJECTIVE: To compare the biological effects of single vs multiple treatment of rat denervated laryngeal muscle with human insulinlike growth factor 1 (hIGF1) gene therapy [29].

References