Disease relevance of Electromyography

• The levels of creatine kinase, electromyography, and findings from a muscle biopsy specimen were compatible with muscular dystrophy [1].
• Baclofen, 90 mg daily, was given to a patient with stiff-man syndrome diagnosed by electromyography and clinical criteria [2].
• Quantitative electromyography showed abnormal reduction of motor unit potential duration, indicative of myogenic myopathy, in four patients (36%) with dilated and in three (37%) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [3].
• Urodynamic studies showed postmicturition residuals in two, small bladder capacities in two, detrusor hyperreflexia in four, low bladder compliance in two, detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia in one, neurogenic sphincter electromyography in three, and denervation supersensitivity of the bladder in two [4].
• Several neurourologic patterns were identified in multiple sclerosis patients: the most common cystometry pattern was detrusor hyperreflexia (76 per cent) and the most common electromyography finding was vesico-sphincter dyssynergia (50 per cent) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Electromyography

• METHODS: The electromyographic reaction time values were obtained by surface electromyography from the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle of the 20 healthy volunteers [6].
• Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from three sites before, during, and after perceptual-motor task performance (active and 'passive' forearms: Surface above m. flexor carpi radialis; neck: Surface above m. trapezius, right side) [7].
• Then an Expert system (in Turbo-Prolog) has been implemented for diagnostic purposes of different muscular abnormalities by making a knowledge base from the different parameters involved in the decision making procedure of clinical electromyography [8].
• The standard patient evaluation includes a history and physical, surface electromyography, Minnesota Multi-phasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), brief psychiatric interview, dental/occlusal analysis, a postural/musculoskeletal examination; and necessary diagnostic imaging [9].

High impact information on Electromyography

• METHODS: The effects of IL-1 beta were determined by electromyography in conscious rats with implanted electrodes and a permanent catheter in a lateral brain ventricle [10].
• The effects of hypothalamic microinfusions of cholecystokinin octapeptide and its antagonist L364,718 on cecocolonic myoelectrical activity were evaluated by electromyography in fasted and fed rats [11].
• Multisite electromyography revealed that blocking Cx36 in the IO impaired the coherence of muscle firing during harmaline tremor without affecting its rhythm [12].
• NWRs evoked by cutaneous noxious mechanical and thermal (CO2-laser) stimulation were recorded using electromyography in a decerebrate spinal preparation [13].
• Patients underwent neurologic and rheumatologic evaluation, electromyography, and muscle biopsy after exclusion for recreational drug or alcohol use, metabolic/endocrine disorders, zidovudine therapy, and other infections [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Electromyography

• Mild subclinical impairment of neuromuscular transmission can be detected with single-fibre electromyography (SFEMG) in subgroups of patients suffering from migraine and could be due to dysfunctioning Ca2+-channels on motor axons controlling stimulation-induced acetylcholine release [15].
• 38 patients with infravesical obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy had CO2 cystometrography (CMG) and sphincter electromyography (EMG) at onset of retension and 6 weeks after intermittent bladder drainage [16].
• Single-fiber electromyography improvement with 3,4-diaminopyridine in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome [17].
• We report four patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) in whom single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG) jitter measurements were normal in some muslces while they were taking pyridostigmine and became abnormal 2-14 days after the medication was discontinued [18].
• Taste was studied with electrogustometry, retinopathy was detected by fluorescein angiography, nephropathy by measurement of albuminuria and microalbuminuria, peripheral neuropathy by electroneurography and electromyography, and autonomic neuropathy by cardiovascular function tests [19].

Biological context of Electromyography

• Immediately after surgery, HX fetuses were infused with a constant dose of ACTH-(1-24) (ACTH/HX; 100 ng/h.kg, i.v.) or saline (SAL/HX) until uterine electromyography indicated the onset of labor or 161 days gestation was reached (term = 147 +/- 2.6 days) [20].
• Literature review of the usefulness of nerve conduction studies and electromyography for the evaluation of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. AAEM Quality Assurance Committee [21].
• METHOD: We compared physiological measures (heart rate, finger pulse volume, electrodermal activity, electromyography), cortisol levels, and subjective well-being during rest and during a mental stress task as well as selective attention and memory for illness-related words in 58 patients with somatization syndrome and 21 healthy controls [22].
• Uterine electromyography was performed by means of chronically implanted surface electrodes in 3 Pony mares during spontaneous oestrous cycles and following luteolysis induced by a prostaglandin analogue (fluprostenol) [23].
• Male homozygous A1R KO mice, wild-type (WT) mice, and heterozygotes (HET) from a mixed 129/C57BL background were implanted during anesthesia with electrodes for electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) [24].

Anatomical context of Electromyography

• We further characterized acetic acid induced external urethral sphincter electromyography activity in intact and acute spinal cord injured animals [25].
• We used electromyography to compare pharmacodynamic parameters of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles after mivacurium [26].
• We then assessed the consequences of modulating motor excitability by applying single-pulse TMS over the primary motor cortex and measuring: 1) muscle responses with electromyography and 2) cerebral blood flow with PET [27].
• Cauda equina syndrome complicating ankylosing spondylitis: use of electromyography and computerised tomography in diagnosis [28].
• Ankle inversion perturbations monitored by fine-wire electromyography were performed in four lower extremity muscles (anterior tibialis, posterior tibialis, peroneus longus, and flexor digitorum longus) of all subjects on both the injured (experimental) and noninjured (control) legs [29].

Associations of Electromyography with chemical compounds

• Creatine kinase and electromyography were useful to demonstrate muscle involvement [30].
• At the time of presentation, the serum creatinine phosphokinase level was more than 10 times greater than normal, and electromyography revealed repetitive positive waves [31].
• SUBJECTS: In eight normal subjects measurements of anorectal motility and sensation were performed on separate days while blood glucose concentrations were stabilised at 4, 8, and 12 mmol/l. METHODS: Anorectal motor and sensory function was measured using a sleeve/sidehole catheter incorporating a balloon, and electromyography [32].
• Four patients (three receiving penicillamine) demonstrated mild neurogenic changes distally on needle electromyography [33].
• Electromyography in cervical dystonia: changes after botulinum and trihexyphenidyl [34].

Gene context of Electromyography

• Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) and needle electromyography (EMG) results were reviewed in 26 children with different types of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD), including patients with mutations in the genes LAMA2, FKRP, and COL6A2 [35].
• The B6MT mouse showed moderate to severe action myotonia, and electromyography revealed myotonic discharge [36].
• The effects of NPY on CRF and stress-stimulated cecal motility were investigated by electromyography in rats [37].
• The objective of this study was to evaluate the participation of the diaphragm and the sternocleidomastoid (SMM) muscle to overcome with a 30% Threshold load using surface electromyography (sEMG) and to analyze the correlation between SMM activation, maximum strength level of inspiratory muscles (MIP) and obstruction degree in COPD patients (FEV1) [38].
• Needle electromyography was myopathic, lactate stress testing was abnormal, muscle biopsy showed typical features of an RCD and mtDNA analysis revealed the A3243G MELAS mutation [39].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Electromyography

• We recorded EEG (C3-P3), ECG, O2 saturation, diaphragmatic electromyography, limb electromyography, and video of the infant [40].
• This occurred in the absence of muscle wasting, as shown by cross sectional area measurements and normal or raised creatinine/height indices. "Myopathic" features were demonstrated by needle biopsy in half the patients and occasionally by electromyography and raised plasma creatine kinase activity [41].
• In another 30 children (n = 15 in each group), we examined the times of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block using electromyography [42].
• Neurological examination, muscle strength, electromyography, and serum creatine kinase were normal [43].
• The science of electromyography and electrodiagnosis grew in its sophistication, leading to the formation of the American Association of Electromyography and Electrodiagnosis (now the American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine) with James Golseth, MD, as its first president in 1953 [44].

References