Disease relevance of Stapedius

• It was concluded that, especially in children with an etiology of meningitis, the intraoperative stapedius reflex threshold (even after corrections for the concentration of the volatile anesthetics used) was a weak predictor of the C-level [1].
• The commonly used parameters of the stapedius reflex responses in the diagnosis of sensorineural hearing disorders are the reflex threshold level and the persistence of the reflex response on prolonged stimulation, i.e., the reflex decay test [2].
• Subjects with mean PTA better than 70 dB HL together with stapedius reflex present for 500 and 1,000 Hz, no decay and no vertigo have a very favourable prognosis: 86% had complete or good recovery [3].
• The on-off effect of the acoustic stapedius reflex was found in association with several kinds of ear disease: otosclerotic stapes fixation, incudostapedial dislocation and sensorineural hearing loss [4].
• The stapedius reflex (SR), its adaptation and the brainstem auditory evoked potential (ABR) were recorded in a group of 53 multiple sclerosis patients [5].

High impact information on Stapedius

• CONCLUSION--The subclinical involvement of the stapedius motor neurons or of the supranuclear stapedius motor system might be responsible for the abnormalities of the stapedial reflex in ALS [6].
• 1. The sound frequency selectivities of single stapedius motoneurons were investigated in ketamine anesthetized and in decerebrate cats by recording from axons in the small nerve fascicles entering the stapedius muscle [7].
• OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was, first, to determine the effect of the concentrations of volatile anesthetics (halothane and isoflurane) on the intraoperative elicited electrical stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) and, second, to evaluate the relation between the ESRTs and postoperative C-levels [8].
• The results of tone and speech audiometry, stapedius reflex measurements, and brainstem evoked response audiometry in this study showed a pattern similar to that generally seen in patients with purely sensorineural hearing loss [9].
• The present investigation evaluates the effectiveness of NaF treatment in modifying the natural course of subclinical otosclerosis, as monitored by the stapedius reflex [10].

Biological context of Stapedius

• Electrically elicited auditory brainstem response, predicted Neural Response Telemetry thresholds, and visually detected electrical stapedius reflexes were compared [11].

Anatomical context of Stapedius

• Elastin content in the mid-portion of control stapedius tendons increased with age (13% at 35 years of age to 35% at 70 years of age).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[12]
• The administration of isoproterenol increased the activity of cytochrome oxidase as well as the diameter of muscle fibers in the orbicularis oculi muscle and stapedius muscle [13].
• The muscle fiber types and sizes in the M. stapedius (middle ear muscle) of the domestic chicken, Gallus gallus were determined histochemically on the basis of their reactions to myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (mATPase), succinic dehydrogenase and NADH diaphorase [14].
• Electromyographic recordings of the activity of the tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, and stapedius muscles were obtained from several adult human subjects [15].

Associations of Stapedius with chemical compounds

• Super Threshold Adoption Test (STAT), Stapedius Reflex Testing, Staggered Spondaic Word (SSW) testing, and PB Rollover were accurate in their test results [16].
• Effects of isoproterenol on the orbicularis oculi and stapedius muscles [13].
• Changes of stapedius reflex and hearing threshold in patients receiving high-dose cisplatin treatment [17].
• In a retrospective study with 20 patients between 3 and 43 years of age, a highly significant correlation between the dosage of methohexital and the mean stapedius reflex threshold value could be shown (r = 0.65, p = .002) [18].
• We evaluated the effect of ketamine hydrochloride on the acoustically elicited stapedius reflex of squirrel monkeys [19].

Gene context of Stapedius

• The effect of sensorineural hearing loss upon stapedius reflex growth functions was studied in the elderly [20].
• SPL p.e. The following parameters were evaluated: stapedius contraction latency, amplitude, duration and recruitment time [21].
• On the contrary, subjects with mean PTA worse than 70 dB HL and with pathological stapedius reflex have a generally unfavourable prognosis: 35% had complete or good recovery [3].
• Comparative post-operative measures were also obtained, including behavioral threshold levels, behavioral comfort levels, and the contralateral stapedius reflex threshold (ESR) on selected electrodes [22].
• The first report on stapedius reflex and general anaesthesia was published by Mink et al. in 1981 [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Stapedius

• 1-10 years after the first examination, 56 children below 15 years of age with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss were re-examined with a test-battery consisting of puretone and speech audiometry, stapedius reflex tests, caloric tests, brainstem response audiometry and otoneurological tests [24].

References