Disease relevance of Methohexitone

• In isoflurane-anesthetized sham rats (n = 5; no ischemia), CBF was approximately three times greater than in methohexital-treated (n = 5) sham rats [1].
• Eight consecutive patients undergoing intracarotid barbiturate (methohexital) injections as part of their presurgical evaluations for intractable epilepsy were assessed for anosognosia after their hemiplegia and aphasia had cleared [2].
• To determine the efficacy of cerebral microcirculation promoting therapy in postischemic brain failure, 11 dogs awakening from methohexital sodium anesthesia were subjected to 12 minutes of reversible circulatory arrest by ventricular fibrillation [3].
• In another five dogs the same protocol was used, and vasopressin (0.05 mU.min-1.kg-1 body weight) was infused intravenously during methohexital anesthesia [4].
• Contractures elicited by tetraethylammonium in avian muscle treated with methohexitone [5].

Psychiatry related information on Methohexitone

• The effects of the anesthetic agents propofol and methohexital on seizure duration, clinical outcome, recovery, and memory in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) were studied in a double-blind trial [6].
• Acute blocking of naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal symptoms by methohexitone [7].
• Methohexital did not induce any changes in body sway or psychomotor performance at the time periods tested when compared with saline [8].
• Subsequently four-choice reaction times decreased in both groups although methohexitone subjects were still significantly slower than controls after 6 hours [9].
• Lorazepam has been studied as preanaesthetic medication given by mouth, i.m. and i.v. Sediation and side-effects and the incidence of anterograde amnesia in patients having a standard operation under methohexitone-nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia were assessed [10].

High impact information on Methohexitone

• This technique allowed same-day study of both hemispheres, permitted repeated injection of either carotid artery without accumulation of methohexital sufficient to cause systemic effects, and added little to the total time required for three-vessel cerebral angiography [11].
• A detailed comparison of pentobarbital and methohexital at concentrations lower than 2 mM indicated that methohexital was 5-10 times more effective as an inhibitor of Bm3R1 binding in vitro, as compared with its 7-fold greater inducer potency in vivo [12].
• Seventeen patients with intractable epilepsy were tested during intracarotid methohexital infusion [13].
• CSF neuron-specific enolase after methohexital activation during electrocorticography [14].
• We expected a better neurological outcome in animals administered methohexital because of superior neuronal protection and greater spinal cord perfusion pressure (mean arterial pressure below the cross-clamp site minus mean cerebrospinal fluid pressure) [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Methohexitone

• BACKGROUND: To determine possible delays in recovery after intravenous anesthesia induction with thiopental, the drug was compared with methohexital in infants 1-12 months of age who were scheduled for hernia repair or circumcision [16].
• Clonidine and methohexital-induced epileptic magnetoencephalographic discharges in patients with focal epilepsies [17].
• RESULTS: Despite differences between the methohexital and amobarbital test protocols, the behavioral and neurologic effects of the two anesthetics are similar [18].
• Methohexitone produced considerably more respiratory depression than etomidate, the difference probably being clinically significant [19].
• The present study was designed to assess the incidence of pain when methohexitone was administered to 35 depressed patients who had electroconvulsive therapy, and to determine whether the use of lignocaine could modify this, without affecting seizure duration [20].

Biological context of Methohexitone

• This is not true for methohexitone, which shows comparable pharmacokinetics after single and multiple dose administration [21].
• 4. To complement earlier studies of the inhibitory actions of anaesthetics on K(+)-evoked catecholamine secretion and the associated Ca2+ uptake, the IC50 values for etomidate and methohexitone were determined using a biochemical assay [22].
• During methohexital anesthesia, mean arterial pressure decreased from 108 to 101 mmHg, and heart rate increased from 95 to 146 beats/min [4].
• The mean maximum increase over baseline systolic pressure was 2.1 +/- 2.9 mmHg with propofol, and 26.7 +/- 4.5 mmHg with methohexital (P less than 0.001) [23].
• Similarly, the plateau of the action potential prolonged by methohexital, described in this study was abolished by 50 microM saxitoxin [24].

Anatomical context of Methohexitone

• Thirty-four patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy underwent preoperative and perioperative EEG activation with methohexitone sodium [25].
• METHODS: A model of CAAE was produced by injection of 50 microl/kg air into the internal carotid artery of methohexital-anesthetized New Zealand white rabbits [26].
• In contrast, incubation of skin mast cell preparations with the same concentrations of pentobarbital and methohexital failed to increase histamine release above spontaneous levels at any concentration [27].
• In contrast, in dorsal root cells, methohexital decreased the amplitude of Na+ and K+ currents equally [24].
• The effects of 10% methohexital on the rectal mucosa in mice [28].

Associations of Methohexitone with other chemical compounds

• Five of 24 (21%) patients had an abnormal post-ECT EKG with methohexital, 15 of 24 (60%, phi 8.6, p < 0.005) with diazepam [29].
• There were no differences between fronto-frontal and temporo-parietal ECT in regard to the amount of methohexital and suxamethonium chloride employed, the mean time of electrical stimulation, and the seizure duration [30].
• Propofol is particularly suitable for outpatient surgery since it provides superior operating conditions to methohexitone (particularly less movement), and rapid recovery in the postoperative period associated with a low incidence of nausea and vomiting [31].
• Pharmacokinetics of methohexital and thiopental in surgical patients [32].
• Finally, preoperative administration of both midazolam and fentanyl or oxymorphone prior to a standardized methohexital-nitrous oxide anesthetic technique did not adversely affect recovery after outpatient surgery [33].

Gene context of Methohexitone

• Furthermore, the discriminative stimulus effects of APH and CPP were no more similar to phencyclidine than those of methohexital [34].
• Comparison of rat brain and heart mitochondrial hexokinase solubilized by methohexital [35].
• The terminal half-life of methohexitone was 6.3 (3.8) h and that of the 4'-hydroxy metabolite 5.8 (2.1) h [36].
• We have studied prospectively 39 patients receiving a course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for major depressive disorder; they were allocated randomly to receive either propofol or methohexitone for anaesthesia [37].
• Because the barbiturates, methohexital (MH) and thiopental (TP), induced a dose-dependent reduction in hypoxia-induced permeability changes of BMEC, the effect of both barbiturates on the VEGF expression during hypoxia was investigated [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Methohexitone

• Closed-loop feedback control of methohexital anesthesia by quantitative EEG analysis in humans [39].
• Rectal methohexital premedication in children, a dose-comparison study [40].
• Oral self-administration of methohexital in baboons [41].
• Intravenous (i.v.) methohexital (MTH, Brevital) was found to have an effect on the intraoperative electrocorticogram (ECOG) of 63 patients who had temporal lobectomies performed under general anesthesia for intractable complex partial seizures [42].
• Five CMHs and 5 AMHs were studied in a crossover study in which responses to the 41-49 degrees C stimuli were obtained first under halothane-N2O (0.8%-67%) anesthesia, then under an ultrashort acting barbiturate, methohexital (2-9 mg/kg over 15 min), and finally once again under halothane-N2O anesthesia [43].

References