Disease relevance of HIV Infections

• BACKGROUND & AIMS: A homozygous 32-base pair deletion in the CCR5 gene (CCR5-Delta32) protects against human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) [1].
• The low CR1 of RBC in autoimmune diseases and HIV-infection is due to a loss occurring in the circulation by an active process that remains to be defined [2].
• Beta-propiolactone UV inactivated clotting factor concentrate is the source of HIV-infection of 8 hemophilia B patients: confirmed [3].
• The sensitivities of the HIV-1 antibody ELISAs ranged between 73% and 87% compared with positive Western blots in testing 118 sera from cadavers at high risk of HIV-infection, but not manifesting AIDS at the time of death [4].
• Recent studies show beneficial effects of IFN alpha in the treatment of HIV-associated Kaposi's Sarcoma and early HIV-infection [5].

Psychiatry related information on HIV Infections

• CONCLUSIONS: Steadily increasing the methadone dosage in a harm reduction setting may be useful in supporting injecting drug users in the process of cessation of injecting and reducing the spread of HIV-infection [6].

High impact information on HIV Infections

• HIV-infection status was known for 363 births (180 in the zidovudine group and 183 in the placebo group) [7].
• The fact that prostaglandins are used clinically in the treatment of several diseases, suggests a potential use of cyclopentenone PGs in the treatment of HIV-infection [8].
• PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with TGCT and HIV-infection from the GICAT were retrospectively analyzed [9].
• Different experimental approaches were used to prove or disprove the "TH1/TH2 switch theory" of HIV-infection [10].
• These results demonstrate that elevated levels of IL-6 are associated with HIV-infection, and suggest that IL-6 over-production may contribute to the polyclonal B cell activation seen in AIDS and HIV infection [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of HIV Infections

• The effect of treatment intensification in HIV-infection: a study comparing treatment with ritonavir/saquinavir and ritonavir/saquinavir/stavudine. Prometheus Study Group [12].
• The results of this animal study indicate that abacavir would be a useful addition to a treatment regimen against HIV-infection within the brain [13].
• In contrast, the serum DHEA concentrations were closely correlated with the stage of HIV-infection, being higher in the early stages (stages II and III or > 500 CD4) than in advanced stages (IV C or < 500 CD4)-in the latter being below those of HIV-negative men-or in controls (+40 to 100%, p < .01 to p < .001) [14].
• CONCLUSION: Supplementation with whey proteins persistently increased plasma glutathione levels in patients with advanced HIV-infection [15].
• Biochemical deficiencies of coenzyme Q10 in HIV-infection and exploratory treatment [16].

Biological context of HIV Infections

• 1. In order to inventory different Event-Related Potentials (ERP) modifications in HIV-infection the authors have evaluated 23 HIV-positive subjects and 12 HIV-negative subjects [17].
• There was no significant correlation between androgen, SHBG or FSH levels and duration of HIV-infection, BMI or CD4 cell count [18].
• HLA class II (DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1) allele and haplotype frequencies among HIV-infection discordant Thai couples [19].

Anatomical context of HIV Infections

• This review is intended to provide an update on the use of immune-based therapies, in particular structured treatment interruptions and cytokines, such as IL-2 and IFN-alpha, as potential stimulants of the immune system of patients with HIV-infections and to discuss risks and benefits of each alternative [20].

Gene context of HIV Infections

• Independent of the phase of HIV-infection saliva samples contained pro- and active forms of MMP-1, -3 and -8 using Western blotting [21].
• Steady-state mRNA ratios of TNF-alpha, IL-4, and IL-10 were significantly increased in patients with highly replicative HIV-infection [22].
• After three days of HIV-infection, levels of p24 antigen were measured [23].
• OBJECTIVES: Therapy of HIV-infection using intravenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) is known to be effective in terms of increasing CD4-counts but is associated with significant side-effects and hospitalization [24].
• The results reported here demonstrate a significant reduction in IL-18 secretion during HIV-infection [25].
• PM had little effect on the antibody responses of infants, whereas maternal HIV infection resulted in decreased levels of antibody to LSA-1, CSP, and RAP-1 epitopes at birth, compared with the absence of PM and maternal HIV infection (P = .0063) [26].
• These data indicate that, during HIV infection, specific changes in the fraction of CD4(+) T cells expressing CD25 and/or CD127 are associated with disease progression [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of HIV Infections

• In a cross-sectional study, QTc was not different in 50 HIV-infected patients with chronic pentamidine aerosol prophylaxis (413 ms), 50 similar HIV-infected patients without pentamidine (407 ms), and 50 similar patients without HIV-infection and without pentamidine (407 ms) [28].
• With both, indirect immunofluorescence technique and ELISA technique a highly significant decrease of the absolute numbers of CD4+ cells and the absolute amount of CD4 surface molecules, respectively, was found in asymptomatic HIV-infection, LAS and in manifest AIDS [29].

References