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Chemical Compound Review

Amidone     6-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenyl- heptan-3-one

Synonyms: Biscuits, Diaminon, Dolophin, Dolophine, Metasedin, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Metasedin

 

Psychiatry related information on Metasedin

  • Methadone maintenance is an effective and most widely used treatment for opiate addiction, allowing normalization of many physiological abnormalities caused by chronic use of short-acting opiates [8].
  • Newborn infants, chronically exposed in utero to low doses of methadone with or without concomitant heroin, display more rapid eye movement sleep and less quiet sleep than control infants, while babies fetally exposed to both opiates and nonopiates have less organization of sleep states [9].
  • CONTEXT: Results from several studies conducted in the early 1990s showed that the majority of US methadone maintenance programs did not use treatment practices that met established standards for the care of heroin users [10].
  • DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Representative samples of 390 patients from 2 methadone maintenance treatment programs (MMTPs) and 531 patients from 13 short-term residential substance abuse treatment (inpatient) programs, all in New York State, were surveyed in late 2000 and early 2001 [11].
  • These findings indicate that maintenance of the pregnant addict under closely supervised methadone therapy is compatible with an uneventful pregnancy and birth of a healthy infant whose withdrawal symptoms in the neonatal period are readily controllable [12].
 

High impact information on Metasedin

  • On all measures of secondary-sex-organ and testicular function, heroin addicts appeared to fall between the methadone and control subjects, but, with the exception of sperm motility, the deviation from control values did not reach statisitcal significance [13].
  • Microsomal enzyme induction by methadone and its implications on tolerance to methodone lethality [14].
  • Since threo-5-methylmethadone exhibits no opioid agonism either in vivo or in vitro, methadone analogs probably do not have this conformation when bound to an opioid receptor [15].
  • Specific deuterium labeling of methadone and use of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy technique permits rapid and quanitative determination of the ratio of the labeled to unlabeled drug in body fluids [3].
  • Prevalence and characteristics of chronic pain among chemically dependent patients in methadone maintenance and residential treatment facilities [11].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Metasedin

 

Biological context of Metasedin

  • Patients believed methadone patients in general had changed their sex behavior (49.2%) and reduced needle sharing (62%) to prevent becoming infected [21].
  • These findings suggest that the liver may serve not only as a site of biotransformation of methadone, but also as a major reservoir for storage and subsequent release of unchanged compound [22].
  • This observation was investigated in rabbits maintained on daily methadone 4 mg per kg of body weight after a period of 3 months on increasing dosage to assure drug tolerance [23].
  • The abuse of illicit methadone, outside the therapeutic setting, has aroused considerable controversy, particularly with regard to the public health hazards of primary methadone addiction, overdose, abuse, and childhood poisoning [24].
  • Methadone depressed respiration rate below other groups; abstinent subjects had higher heart rates than methadone or control subjects [25].
 

Anatomical context of Metasedin

 

Associations of Metasedin with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Metasedin

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Metasedin

  • Although the sperm count of methadone clients was more than twice the control levels, reflecting a lack of sperm dilution by secondary-sex-organ secretions, the sperm motility of these subjects was markedly lower than normal [13].
  • These data question the validity of animal experiments which purport to be models for methadone maintenance programs but in which treatment is started immediately prior to or soon after conception [38].
  • PATIENTS: Forty-seven opioid-dependent patients who had been receiving methadone maintenance therapy in an NTP without evidence of illicit drug use for 1 year and without significant untreated psychiatric comorbidity were randomized; 1 patient refused to participate after treatment assignment to NTP [39].
  • However, despite recommendations regarding effective dosing of methadone, controlled clinical trials of higher-dose methadone have not been conducted [40].
  • It is recommended that drug therapy during pregnancy in addicts should be supervised by a psychiatrist known to the patient and that oral methadone be substituted for heroin [41].

References

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  2. Letter: Methadone-associated gynecomastia. Thomas, B.L. N. Engl. J. Med. (1976) [Pubmed]
  3. Markers for detection of supplementation in narcotic programs--deuterium-labeled methadone. Hsia, J.C., Tam, J.C., Giles, H.G., Leung, C.C., Marcus, H., Marshman, J.A., Leblanc, A.E. Science (1976) [Pubmed]
  4. Dyskinesias elicited by methamphetamine: susceptibility of former methadone-consuming monkeys. Eibergen, R.D., Carlson, K.R. Science (1975) [Pubmed]
  5. Hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody. A prospective study in asymptomatic drug abusers. Stimmel, B., Vernace, S., Schaffner, F. JAMA (1975) [Pubmed]
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  10. Changes in methadone treatment practices: results from a national panel study, 1988-2000. D'Aunno, T., Pollack, H.A. JAMA (2002) [Pubmed]
  11. Prevalence and characteristics of chronic pain among chemically dependent patients in methadone maintenance and residential treatment facilities. Rosenblum, A., Joseph, H., Fong, C., Kipnis, S., Cleland, C., Portenoy, R.K. JAMA (2003) [Pubmed]
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  13. Function of the male sex organs in heroin and methadone users. Cicero, T.J., Bell, R.D., Wiest, W.G., Allison, J.H., Polakoski, K., Robins, E. N. Engl. J. Med. (1975) [Pubmed]
  14. Microsomal enzyme induction by methadone and its implications on tolerance to methodone lethality. Masten, L.W., Peterson, G.R., Burkhalter, A., Way, E.L. Nature (1975) [Pubmed]
  15. Methadone conformation and opioid activity. Duax, W.L., Smith, G.D., Griffin, J.F., Portoghese, P.S. Science (1983) [Pubmed]
  16. Cocaine use and HIV infection in intravenous drug users in San Francisco. Chaisson, R.E., Bacchetti, P., Osmond, D., Brodie, B., Sande, M.A., Moss, A.R. JAMA (1989) [Pubmed]
  17. Methadone, ciprofloxacin, and adverse drug reactions. Herrlin, K., Segerdahl, M., Gustafsson, L.L., Kalso, E. Lancet (2000) [Pubmed]
  18. Changes in attitude toward methadone. Brown, B.S., Jansen, D.R., Benn, G.J. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (1975) [Pubmed]
  19. Clonidine in outpatient detoxification from methadone maintenance. Kleber, H.D., Riordan, C.E., Rounsaville, B., Kosten, T., Charney, D., Gaspari, J., Hogan, I., O'Connor, C. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (1985) [Pubmed]
  20. Use of disulfiram for alcoholics in methadone maintenance programs. A Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. Ling, W., Weiss, D.G., Charuvastra, V.C., O'Brien, C.P. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (1983) [Pubmed]
  21. HIV screening and counseling for intravenous drug abuse patients. Staff and patient attitudes. Curtis, J.L., Crummey, F.C., Baker, S.N., Foster, R.E., Khanyile, C.S., Wilkins, R. JAMA (1989) [Pubmed]
  22. Hepatic extraction of long- and short-acting narcotics in the isolated perfused rabbit liver. Kreek, M.J., Oratz, M., Rothschild, M.A. Gastroenterology (1978) [Pubmed]
  23. The stimulation of albumin sythesis by methadone. Rothschild, M.A., Kreek, M.J., Oratz, M., Schreiber, S.S., Mongelli, J.G. Gastroenterology (1976) [Pubmed]
  24. Controlling the abuse of illicit methadone in Washington, DC. Greene, M.H., Brown, B.S., DuPont, R.L. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (1975) [Pubmed]
  25. Physiological and psychological effects of methadone in man. Gritz, E.R., Shiffman, S.M., Jarvik, M.E., Haber, J., Dymond, A.M., Coger, R., Charuvastra, V., Schlesinger, J. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (1975) [Pubmed]
  26. Effects of opiates and demographic factors on DNA repair synthesis in human leukocytes. Madden, J.J., Falek, A., Shafer, D.A., Glick, J.H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1979) [Pubmed]
  27. Acute effects of ethanol on hepatic uptake and distribution of narcotics in the isolated perfused rabbit liver. Kreek, M.J., Rothschild, M.A., Oratz, M., Mongelli, J., Handley, A.C. Hepatology (1981) [Pubmed]
  28. Immune function and anti-HTLV-I/II status in anti-HIV-1-negative intravenous drug users receiving methadone. Klimas, N.G., Blaney, N.T., Morgan, R.O., Chitwood, D., Milles, K., Lee, H., Fletcher, M.A. Am. J. Med. (1991) [Pubmed]
  29. Methadyl acetate and methadone. An open comparison. Senay, E.C., Dorus, W., Renault, P.F. JAMA (1977) [Pubmed]
  30. Methadone blockade of 2-deoxyglucose-induced pancreatic secretion in the rat. Rozé, C., Chariot, J., de La Tour, J., Souchard, M., Vaille, C., Debray, C. Gastroenterology (1978) [Pubmed]
  31. Pharmacotherapy for cocaine-abusing methadone-maintained patients using amantadine or desipramine. Kosten, T.R., Morgan, C.M., Falcione, J., Schottenfeld, R.S. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (1992) [Pubmed]
  32. Imipramine as treatment for depression in addicts. Kleber, H.D., Weissman, M.M., Rounsaville, B.J., Wilber, C.H., Prusoff, B.A., Riordan, C.E. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry (1983) [Pubmed]
  33. High-dose methadone maintenance in rats: effects on cocaine self-administration and behavioral side effects. Leri, F., Sorge, R.E., Cummins, E., Woehrling, D., Pfaus, J.G., Stewart, J. Neuropsychopharmacology (2007) [Pubmed]
  34. Role of hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 3A and 2B6 in the metabolism, disposition, and miotic effects of methadone. Kharasch, E.D., Hoffer, C., Whittington, D., Sheffels, P. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. (2004) [Pubmed]
  35. ABCB1 and cytochrome P450 genotypes and phenotypes: influence on methadone plasma levels and response to treatment. Crettol, S., Déglon, J.J., Besson, J., Croquette-Krokar, M., Hämmig, R., Gothuey, I., Monnat, M., Eap, C.B. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. (2006) [Pubmed]
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  37. In Vivo Activation of Human Pregnane X Receptor Tightens the Blood-Brain Barrier to Methadone through P-Glycoprotein Up-Regulation. Bauer, B., Yang, X., Hartz, A.M., Olson, E.R., Zhao, R., Kalvass, J.C., Pollack, G.M., Miller, D.S. Mol. Pharmacol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  38. Opiate withdrawal in utero increases neonatal morbidity in the rat. Lichtblau, L., Sparber, S.B. Science (1981) [Pubmed]
  39. Methadone maintenance in primary care: a randomized controlled trial. Fiellin, D.A., O'Connor, P.G., Chawarski, M., Pakes, J.P., Pantalon, M.V., Schottenfeld, R.S. JAMA (2001) [Pubmed]
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