Disease relevance of doxylamine

• Rhabdomyolysis in doxylamine overdose [1].
• Doxylamine is frequently involved in accidental and intentional overdoses [2].
• The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of an antihistamine, doxylamine, on the symptoms of runny nose and sneezing associated with common cold [3].
• Only a few reports can be found in the literature about lethal intoxications with doxylamine, but many with combined intoxications [4].
• There was no family history of birth defects, nor any maternal risk factor present, except that doxylamine (Bendectin) had been prescribed at 9 weeks fetal age [5].

High impact information on doxylamine

• PURPOSE: We assessed the effectiveness of five in vitro assays in predicting in vivo tumor growth stimulation by the H1-antihistamines loratadine, astemizole, cetirizine, hydroxyzine, and doxylamine [6].
• The addition to the perifusion medium of the same concentrations of 1,3-diamines (1,3-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2-propanol or the alkaloid gramine) as well as 1,5-diamines (1,5-diaminopentane and the antihistamic doxylamine or cimetidine) failed to suppress the induction of ODC activity by ornithine [7].
• The combination of vitamin B(6) and doxylamine (previously marketed in the United States as Bendectin) has been shown to be safe for the fetus and effective in reducing NVP [8].
• The primary purpose of this study was to assess the influence of doxylamine and phenobarbital on antipyrine/metabolites pharmacokinetics and 6 beta-hydroxycortisol urinary excretion [9].
• Analyses of the activities of various hepatic microsomal cytochromes P450 indicated that doxylamine caused a marked induction of CYP2B enzymes [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of doxylamine

• Clinical symtomatology of doxylamine succinate overdose includes somnolence, coma, seizures, mydriasis, tachycardia, psychosis, and rhabdomyolysis [11].

Biological context of doxylamine

• The pharmacokinetics of doxylamine: use of automated gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection [12].
• Formation of artifactual metabolites of doxylamine following acid hydrolysis [13].
• Results indicate that no statistically significant differences were observed between the doxylamine and placebo groups that are indicative of enzyme induction [9].
• Doxylamine kinetics were determined from multiple plasma doxylamine concentrations measured during the 24 hours postdose [12].
• Thalidomide and the anticholinergics, scopolamine hydrobromide and orphenadrine hydrochloride, and doxylamine succinate, an antihistamine with secondary anticholinergic action, were administered to pregnant New Zealand White rabbit does from day 8 to day 15 of gestation [14].

Anatomical context of doxylamine

• The anxiolytic-like effect of V. edulis was compared with diazepam and with diphenhydramine and doxylamine, the latter in order to consider the H(1)-antihistamine effect as another possibility to explain, at least in part, the central nervous system depressant effect of valerian [15].

Associations of doxylamine with other chemical compounds

• The drug levels of doxylamine in plasma were monitored after the oral administration of a single 25-mg tablet of doxylamine succinate to each of 20 male volunteers [16].
• Multiple plasma samples drawn during 30 hours following the dose of doxylamine, and 12 hours after diphenhydramine dosage, were analyzed by gas chromatography using nitrogen-phosphorus detection [17].
• These artifactual products were shown to originate from the acid hydrolysis of 2-[1-phenyl-1-(2-pyridinyl)ethoxy] acetic acid and not from doxylamine [13].
• Effects of doxylamine succinate on thyroid hormone balance and enzyme induction in mice [10].
• Analysis of a high-pressure liquid chromatography fraction containing two urinary glucuronide metabolites of doxylamine by thermospray mass spectrometry (TSP/MS) provided [MH]+ ions for each metabolite [18].

Gene context of doxylamine

• Doxylamine treatment caused a dose-dependent increase (up to 2.6-fold) in liver microsomal cytochrome P450 in both male and female mice, at both time points [10].
• Metabolism of doxylamine succinate in Fischer 344 rats. Part II: Nonconjugated urinary and fecal metabolites [19].
• Safety assessment of OTC drugs: doxylamine succinate [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of doxylamine

• Analysis of doxylamine in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography [16].
• A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay for the quantitative determination of doxylamine in plasma is described [16].
• Assessment of doxylamine influence on mixed function oxidase activity upon multiple dose oral administration to normal volunteers [9].
• METHODS: In this 15-month-long prospective randomised single-blind study, after excluding 8 patients among 97 doxylamine-intoxicated patients, 28 (31%) patients were found to have developed rhabdomyolysis and were randomly allocated to NS group (n = 15) or LR group (n = 13) [21].

References