Disease relevance of Hdgf

• Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a heparin-binding protein, which has been purified from the conditioned media of HuH-7 hepatoma cells [1].
• HDGF expression is dramatically increased in human colorectal cancers, especially in tumors proficient in DNA mismatch repair, and thus represents a novel marker for a distinctive tumor subtype [2].
• These genes are regulated in tandem with HDGF during intestine development and one factor, TLS/Fus, is commonly overexpressed in colon cancers [2].
• Down-regulation of hepatoma-derived growth factor inhibits anchorage-independent growth and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells [3].

High impact information on Hdgf

• Insights into developmental mechanisms and cancers in the mammalian intestine derived from serial analysis of gene expression and study of the hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) [2].
• In conclusion, HDGF helps regulate the hepatocyte proliferation in liver development [1].
• HDGF has greatest homology in an amino acid sequence with high mobility group 1 (HMG1), which has been characterized as a DNA-binding, inflammatory, and potent neurite outgrowth molecule [4].
• Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a heparin-binding proliferating factor originally isolated from conditioned medium of the hepatoma-derived cell line HuH-7 [4].
• Hepatoma-derived growth factor is a neurotrophic factor harbored in the nucleus [4].

Biological context of Hdgf

• In conclusion, HDGF is highly expressed in the media and neointima post balloon injury, a SMC mitogen and positive regulator of cell migration [5].
• HDGF gene silencing reduced both SMC proliferation and migration [5].
• Hepatoma-derived growth factor stimulates cell growth after translocation to the nucleus by nuclear localization signals [6].
• Furthermore, we showed that exogenously supplied HDGF had a neurotrophic effect and was able to partially prevent the cell death of neurons in which endogenous HDGF was suppressed [4].
• The full-length rat HDGF cDNA was cloned from a rat fetal heart cDNA library and found to be 94 and 88% homologous to the mouse and human sequence, respectively [7].

Anatomical context of Hdgf

• The HDGF-positive medial and neointimal cells were smooth muscle actin negative and therefore likely represented a subgroup of SMC that have undergone phenotypic switching [5].
• The role of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF), a novel nuclear-targeted vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) mitogen in vascular injury is unknown [5].
• By immunocytochemistry, HDGF was first detected only in atrial myocytes, hind gut epithelia, and notochord of the E10 rat with a nuclear expression pattern [7].
• Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is an acidic polypeptide with mitogenic activity for fibroblasts performed outside the cells despite the presence of a putative nuclear localization signal (NLS) [8].
• These findings suggest that the HDGF gene family might play a new role in the nucleus especially in testis [8].

Associations of Hdgf with chemical compounds

• H-7 did not suppress hepatoma-derived growth factor production in HuH-7 cells [9].
• HA1004, used as a negative control of H-7, failed to inhibit the growth of HuH-7 cells and the activity of hepatoma-derived growth factor [9].

Other interactions of Hdgf

• Whereas HRP-3 protein is expressed only in brain, HDGF can be found in a broad range of tissues, with highest levels in brain, testis, lung and spleen [10].
• Hepatoma-derived growth factor, a new trophic factor for motor neurons, is up-regulated in the spinal cord of PQBP-1 transgenic mice before onset of degeneration [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hdgf

• Northern blot and immunostaining revealed unique expression patterns of HDGF in liver development [1].
• Here, we show by Western blot analysis that HDGF is present in the mouse brain from the embryonic period until adulthood [4].
• In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that HDGF was expressed mainly in neurons, and HDGF protein was localized to the nucleus [4].
• Hepatoma derived growth factor (HDGF) was identified as a developmentally regulated cardiac gene by mRNA differential display using 12-day rat fetal conotruncus vs. newborn aorta [7].
• RESULTS: RT-PCR and Western blot analysis detected increased HDGF expression in malignant hepatoma cell lines [12].

References