Disease relevance of Toll-7

• Toll-like receptors confer responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis in human gingival fibroblasts [1].
• One Toll-like gene each was identified from Aedes aegypti and Glossina palpalis palpalis, vectors for yellow fever and trypanosomiasis, respectively [2].
• Science review: key inflammatory and stress pathways in critical illness - the central role of the Toll-like receptors [3].

Psychiatry related information on Toll-7

• Toll-like receptors and the IL-1R are part of the innate immune response aimed at mobilizing defense mechanisms in response to infections or injury [4].

High impact information on Toll-7

• Toll-like receptors and innate immunity [5].
• Alternative splicing of transcripts encoding Toll-like plant resistance proteins - what's the functional relevance to innate immunity [6]?
• Therefore, the ability to induce specific glycan expression complements the previously identified developmental and innate immune functions of Toll-like receptors [7].
• Remarkable similarities have been uncovered in the molecular mode of PAMP perception in animals and plants, including the discovery of plant receptors resembling mammalian Toll-like receptors or cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat proteins [8].
• MyD88 is an adapter protein in the signal transduction pathway mediated by interleukin-1 (IL-1) and Toll-like receptors [9].

Biological context of Toll-7

• Combining all sequence data related to Toll-like receptors, we have drawn several inferences concerning the phylogeny of vertebrate and invertebrate Tlrs [10].
• Toll-like receptors and their signaling mechanism in innate immunity [11].
• This complex and tissue-specific regulation of Toll-like gene expression strongly suggests a role in embryonic development for most Drosophila Tolls [12].
• Molecular analysis of transcripts encoding animal TLRs and Toll-like plant R proteins revealed many cases of alternative splicing [6].
• Although approximately 30 leucine-rich proteins bearing Toll-like cytoplasmic domains might be anticipated based on a survey of the genes in Drosophila, far fewer Toll-like genes have been found in mammals to date, although approximately 2 million expressed sequence tag sequences are now archived, and much of the genome has been covered [13].

Anatomical context of Toll-7

• Toll-like receptors: a growing family of immune receptors that are differentially expressed and regulated by different leukocytes [14].
• Interestingly, many aa residues conserved among the insect Toll-like cytoplasmic domains are also conserved in mammalian and avian type-I interleukin-1 receptors and the hypothetical product of a transcript, MyD88, found in murine myeloid cells [15].
• Moreover, it is now clear that the activation of the innate immune system through mammalian Toll-like receptors has also an instructive role for the responses of the adaptive immune response and, thus, may influence allergic diseases such as asthma [16].
• The possible involvement of Toll or Toll-like proteins also in the Drosophila immune response was investigated by overexpressing Toll10B, a constitutively active mutant protein, in the Drosophila blood cell line mbn-2 [17].
• Recognition of microbial products by Toll-like receptors expressed on dendritic cells triggers functional maturation of dendritic cells and leads to initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses [18].

Other interactions of Toll-7

• Phylogenetic insect Toll family analysis shows that BmToll is strongly related to Toll-7 and 18w [19].
• Here we describe the embryonic expression patterns of the seven Toll-like genes Toll-3 through Toll-9 [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Toll-7

• Toll-like receptors: cellular signal transducers for exogenous molecular patterns causing immune responses [20].

References