Disease relevance of N

• The 3' untranslated sequence of the HeV N gene mRNA was 568 nt and was much longer than that observed in other Paramyxovirinae [1].
• The x-ray structures of a murine MHC class I molecule (H-2Kb) were determined in complex with two different viral peptides, derived from the vesicular stomatitis virus nucleoprotein (52-59), VSV-8, and the Sendai virus nucleoprotein (324-332), SEV-9 [2].
• A single peptide derived from the Sendai virus nucleoprotein (NP(324-332)) binds to both H-2 Kb and Db MHC class I molecules, generating both immunodominant (NP(324-332)/Kb) and subdominant (NP(324-332)/Db) epitopes [3].
• Human parainfluenza virus type 1 matrix and nucleoprotein genes transiently expressed in mammalian cells induce the release of virus-like particles containing nucleocapsid-like structures [4].
• Inhibition of IFN production by the arenavirus NP is likely to be a determinant of virulence in vivo [5].

High impact information on N

• Dynamic control of interferon-beta (IFN-beta) gene expression requires the regulated assembly and disassembly of the enhanceosome, a higher-order nucleoprotein complex formed in response to virus infection [6].
• Here, we show that presentation on Db of ASNENMETM, a peptide from influenza nucleoprotein, and on Kb of FAPGNYPAL, a peptide from Sendai virus nucleoprotein, was blocked by the proteasome inhibitor, lactacystin [7].
• Inhibition of the type I interferon response by the nucleoprotein of the prototypic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus [5].
• Using expression plasmids encoding individual LCMV proteins, we found that expression of the LCMV nucleoprotein (NP) was sufficient to inhibit both IFN production and nuclear translocation of IRF-3 [5].
• To initiate an investigation of the genetic basis of the attenuation of BPIV3 in primates, we produced viable chimeric HPIV3 recombinants containing the nucleoprotein (N) open reading frame (ORF) from either BPIV3 Ka or SF in place of the HPIV3 N ORF [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of N

• Detection of nucleoprotein gene of Sendai virus in the lungs of rats by touchdown nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [9].

Biological context of N

• The templates for paramyxovirus transcription are genome nucleocapsids in which each nucleoprotein subunit is associated with 6 nt, and only genomes whose lengths are multiples of 6 are found naturally or are replicated efficiently in transfected cell systems [10].
• Taken together, our observations suggest that the essential amino acid sequence determinants of the NP structures of hPIV-1 and Sendai virus are conserved despite changes in their nucleotide sequences during evolution [11].
• The NP amino acid sequences of hPIV-1 and Sendai virus were highly conserved in the amino-terminal half of the molecule, in which 395 of the first 420 amino acids were identical [11].
• The nucleoprotein showed the broadest cross-reactions among these paramyxoviruses, whereas the matrix polypeptide exhibited antigenic individuality [12].
• Furthermore, the nucleoprotein of the virus and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class II expression were detected immunohistologically on the laryngeal epithelium [13].

Anatomical context of N

• We found that Sendai virus infection was restricted to only the lumenal layer of epithelial cells and that virus nucleoprotein was present from days 2 to 5 postinfection [14].
• Several T-cell lines from one donor recognized an NP peptide (amino acids 321-336) conserved between the hPIV-1 and Sendai virus [15].
• Analysis of nucleocapsids obtained from purified virus or from a permanently infected cell line revealed one major band with an Mr of 68K, the nucleoprotein [16].
• In contrast, only a few immunocompetent cells entered the adjacent glottic mucosa, and on the glottic epithelium staining for virus nucleoprotein and MHC Class II expression was weak [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of N

• The data demonstrate that this mode of vaccination induces potent long-lived memory CTL precursors (CTLp) specific for both the dominant (NP324-332/Kb) and the subdominant (NP324-332/Db) epitopes of NP [17].
• Sequence analysis and expression of the human parainfluenza type 1 virus nucleoprotein gene [18].
• The open reading frames of the SV5 and SV41 NP genes encode polypeptides with Mrs of 56,582 and 60,575, respectively, values which are consistent with those estimated by SDS-PAGE [19].
• Immunoprecipitation by three anti-hPIV1 NP monoclonal antibodies required the presence of amino acids within the carboxyl-terminal 23% of NP [20].
• The nucleoprotein (NP) gene of Sendai virus was detected by touchdown nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the lungs of a rat presented with respiratory illness and high serum ELISA titer to Sendai virus [9].

References