Disease relevance of Empyema, Pleural

• Nocardia pleural empyema complicating anti-Jo1 positive polymyositis during immunoglobulin and steroid therapy [1].
• One group A dog responded poorly and died of pyothorax during the trial and another developed esophagitis due to accidental intraluminal ethanol infusion, only to experience an uneventful recovery [2].
• STUDY OBJECTIVES: We investigated pleural fluid penetration of carbapenem antibiotic agents [imipenem (IPM), panipenem (PAPM), meropenem (MEPM), and biapenem (BIPM)] using an experimental rabbit pleuritis model to clarify the usefulness of the carbapenem agents for the treatment of bacterial pleurisy or pyothorax [3].
• Using metronidazole in oral dosages of 1.5 to 2 g daily, we treated 13 adults who had anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections, including 11 with lung abscess, one with necrotizing pneumonia, and one with thoracic empyema [4].
• Two patients developed severe bacterial sepsis with peritonitis and pleural empyema following tubal surgery [5].

High impact information on Empyema, Pleural

• The lung penetration of meropenem was determined for seven patients with pneumonia and metapneumonic pleural empyema treated by decortication [6].
• Pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of gentamicin in an experimental pleural empyema rabbit model [7].
• Low levels of functional of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor in the promotion of C3-cleavage by granulocyte-neutral proteases in pleural empyema [8].
• When proteolysis of 125I-labeled C3 after incubation with pleural empyema or PMNL granular enzymes was examined with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, breakdown products were similar [9].
• Mean serum and pleural empyema peak moxifloxacin levels (following the 25 mg/kg dose) were 7.6 (+/-3.2) and 4.8 (+/-2.5) mg/L, respectively [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Empyema, Pleural

• It has been suggested that C3 breakdown by granulocyte-neutral proteases in pleural empyemas may be related to a decreased inhibitor potential for these enzymes [8].
• The mean values of Cmax attained 1 to 2 h after the end of the infusion in pleural empyema were 7.6 +/- 3.1 mg/l and 6.2 +/- 1.6 mg/l for ampicillin and sulbactam, respectively [11].
• Treatment with metronidazole successfully eliminated the protozoa and cured the pyothorax [12].
• Penetration of clarithromycin in experimental pleural empyema model fluid [13].
• The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with anaerobic thoracic empyema [14].

Anatomical context of Empyema, Pleural

• During the past 7 years the patient had developed various associated disorders including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), candidial esophagitis, multiple digestive tract ulcers and pyothorax [15].

Gene context of Empyema, Pleural

• Thus, an elevation of serum NSE level in patients with chronic pyothorax may be an indicator of PAL development [16].
• IL-6 locally produced in chronic pyothorax might also promote the development of PAL [17].
• Tissue plasminogen activator as an adjuvant therapy for pleural empyema in pediatric patients [18].
• Surgical treatment of thoracic empyema in HIV-infected patients: severity and treatment modality is associated with CD4 count status [19].
• During thoracic empyema, the relative values of the isoenzymes in the pleural fluid were regularly increasing from LDH 1 to LDH 5 [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Empyema, Pleural

• Moxifloxacin levels in pleural empyema and serum samples were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360 and 480 min and 12 h after the 4th dose and determined by bioassay [10].

References