Disease relevance of Meropenem anhydrous

• High-dose meropenem in meningitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa [1].
• Because hemofiltration contributes significantly to meropenem elimination, the recommended dose for critically ill anuric patients receiving continuous venovenous hemofiltration should be increased by 100% to avoid potential underdosing [2].
• In this study, 15 blaKPC-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae that showed discrepant results for imipenem and meropenem from 4 New York City hospitals were characterized by isoelectric focusing; broth microdilution (BMD); disk diffusion (DD); and MicroScan, Phoenix, Sensititre, VITEK, and VITEK 2 automated systems [3].
• METHODS: Nine critically ill anuric patients with acute renal failure undergoing continuous venovenous hemofiltration received 500 mg meropenem 2 or 3 times daily [2].
• In patients with chronic end-stage renal failure, meropenem clearance is reduced and doses must be adjusted according to the creatinine clearance [2].

High impact information on Meropenem anhydrous

• PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted at medical centers in North America and the Netherlands. A total of 411 cancer patients (196 treated with meropenem and 215 treated with ceftazidime), who had 471 episodes of fever, participated in the trial [4].
• The aim of this study was to assess pharmacokinetic data of meropenem in patients with acute renal failure and to determine the amount of drug removed by continuous venovenous hemofiltration, an often-used renal replacement therapy in patients with acute renal failure [2].
• However, for isolates with raised ertapenem MICs of >/=2 mug/ml, meropenem displayed sustained efficacy due to its greater in vitro potency and higher resultant fT>MIC [5].
• The in vivo activities of imipenem, meropenem, and cefepime were studied in a model of rat pneumonia caused by a plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase ACT-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain (K. pneumoniae strain 12) and a derivative porin-deficient mutant (K. pneumoniae strain 12dp) [6].
• Clostridium difficile isolates from a 2004 outbreak in Qu??bec, Canada, were all found to be susceptible to metronidazole, vancomycin, rifampin, and meropenem but resistant to bacitracin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin, and most (>80%) were resistant to ceftriaxone, clarithromycin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Meropenem anhydrous

• Comparison of the susceptibilities of Burkholderia pseudomallei to meropenem and ceftazidime by conventional and intracellular methods [8].
• Although it is no longer a unique compound, as newer carbapenems such as meropenem are becoming available, imipenem/cilastatin nevertheless remains an important agent with established efficacy as monotherapy for moderate to severe bacterial infections [9].
• In vitro susceptibilities of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis to four fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, d-ofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin), cefpirome, and meropenem [10].
• Bactericidal Activities of Meropenem and Ertapenem against Extended-Spectrum-{beta}-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Neutropenic Mouse Thigh Model [5].
• Randomized comparison of meropenem with cefotaxime for treatment of bacterial meningitis. Meropenem Meningitis Study Group [11].

Biological context of Meropenem anhydrous

• Pharmacokinetics of meropenem in critically ill patients with acute renal failure undergoing continuous venovenous hemofiltration [2].
• BMS-181139 was 30-fold more stable than imipenem and 7-fold more stable than meropenem to hydrolysis by hog kidney dehydropeptidase [12].
• One (KP-2) was resistant to imipenem, meropenem, and sulopenem (MICs of 16 to 32 mug/ml) while the other (KP-1) was susceptible (MIC of 0.5 mug/ml); both contained the bla(ACT-1), bla(SHV-1), and bla(TEM-1) beta-lactamases. bla(ACT-1) in both strains was encoded on a large approximately 150-kb plasmid [13].
• All SIM-1-producing isolates exhibited relatively low imipenem and meropenem MICs (8 to 16 microg/ml) and had a multidrug resistance phenotype [14].
• These results suggest that IMP-6 acquired high activity against carbapenems, especially meropenem, via the point mutation but in the process lost activity against penicillins [15].

Anatomical context of Meropenem anhydrous

• Meropenem distributes partly into cerebrospinal fluid [16].
• Postantibiotic leukocyte enhancement of meropenem against gram-positive and gram-negative strains [17].
• The pharmacokinetics and penetration into a cantharidine-induced inflammatory exudate of meropenem was studied in six volunteers following a single 1-g intravenous dose [18].
• Penetration of meropenem in lung, bronchial mucosa, and pleural tissues [19].
• We therefore studied a microdialysis-based approach for measurement of the penetration of meropenem into the extracellular space fluid of human pneumonic lung parenchyma [20].

Associations of Meropenem anhydrous with other chemical compounds

• The in vitro activity of four other newer antimicrobial agents, meropenem, cefepime, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and linezolid, was also tested against the B31 strain [21].
• The in vitro activities of the carbapenem BMS-181139 were determined in comparison with those of imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin [12].
• Of 75 meropenem-treated and 64 cefotaxime-treated patients with pretherapy positive cerebrospinal-fluid cultures, 68 and 59, respectively, had repeat lumbar punctures [11].
• The objective of this prospective randomized multicenter study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerance of meropenem monotherapy with those of the combination of ceftazidime plus amikacin for the empirical treatment of fever in granulocytopenic cancer patients [22].
• The purposes of this study were to evaluate the bactericidal effectiveness and the pharmacodynamic profile of moxifloxacin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and to compare the bactericidal activity with that of ceftriaxone and meropenem therapy [23].

Gene context of Meropenem anhydrous

• METHODS: Colitic scid mice were treated for 1 week with antibiotics (vancomycin/meropenem) followed or not followed by a 3-week administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM-12246 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 19070-2 at 2x10 live bacteria/mouse/24 hours [24].
• When the diagnosis of FN was established, patients were started on intravenous meropenem 1 g every 8 hours and randomly assigned to receive G-CSF (5 microg/kg body weight per day subcutaneously) or not [25].
• It is uncommon for these common bacteria, except MRSA and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, to be resistant to meropenem in Taiwan, where a high prevalence of resistance to other antimicrobial agents was found in many of the common bacteria [26].
• Furthermore, meropenem hypersusceptibility was obtained with a hybrid OprD porin that consisted of the PAO1 oprD gene containing loop L7 from a clinical isolate [27].
• Increased transcription of mexB generally correlated well with meropenem resistance [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Meropenem anhydrous

• RESULTS: The total meropenem clearance was 52.0 +/- 8.4 mL/min, with a hemofiltration clearance of 22.0 +/- 4.7 mL/min and a nonrenal-nonhemofiltration clearance of 29.9 +/- 5.4 mL/min; 235.9 +/- 88.6 mg, or 47.2% +/- 17.7%, of the dose were removed through continuous venovenous hemofiltration [2].
• Meropenem: a review of its use in patients in intensive care [29].
• Pharmacokinetic parameters of unchanged meropenem were determined by using the HPLC data [30].
• Meropenem levels were measured in plasma and ultrafiltrate by high-performance liquid chromatography [31].
• The pharmacokinetics of meropenem were studied after intravenous infusion in 13 patients grouped according to the impairment of their renal function [32].

References