Disease relevance of AIDS-072283

• Gallium nitrate inhibits calcium resorption from bone and is effective treatment for cancer-related hypercalcemia [1].
• Gallium nitrate for advanced Paget disease of bone: effectiveness and dose-response analysis [2].
• Gallium nitrate for treatment of refractory hypercalcemia from parathyroid carcinoma [3].
• INTERVENTIONS: Gallium nitrate 200 mg/m2 body surface area for 5 days by continuous intravenous infusion, or salmon calcitonin 8 IU/kg body weight every 6 hours for 5 days by intramuscular injection [4].
• Gallium nitrate, a drug that inhibits calcium release from bone, has been proven a safe and effective treatment for the accelerated bone resorption associated with cancer [5].

High impact information on AIDS-072283

• Gallium nitrate antagonizes the bone resorptive activity of PTH without altering renal effects of the hormone [3].
• Gallium nitrate did not inhibit CD45, a PTPase found in the membranes of hemopoietic lineage cells such as Jurkat cells [6].
• Gallium nitrate inhibits accelerated bone turnover in patients with bone metastases [7].
• Gallium nitrate regulates rat osteoblast expression of osteocalcin protein and mRNA levels [8].
• Gallium nitrate is active against lymphoma and bladder cancer; however, little is understood about tumor resistance to this drug [9].

Biological context of AIDS-072283

• We have previously reported that temporary treatment of cardiac allograft recipients with gallium nitrate (GN) results in indefinite graft survival, and the inability to mount donor-reactive delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses [10].
• Gallium nitrate (GN) is an inhibitor of bone resorption and thereby may result in a change in coupled bone formation [11].
• Gallium nitrate possesses antineoplastic activity against certain solid tumors; however, no studies exist regarding the effect of this metal on brain tumor cell proliferation [12].
• Gallium nitrate initially suppressed epithelial wound healing and subsequently distorted both anterior-posterior and proximo-distal chondrogenic patterns [13].
• Gallium nitrate by itself had a weak inhibitory effect on cell viability that only became apparent at the highest concentration evaluated [14].

Anatomical context of AIDS-072283

• Gallium nitrate, a novel drug for the treatment of cancer-related hypercalcaemia, inhibits osteoclast activity but does not affect osteoclast morphology or viability [15].
• Gallium nitrate has minimal activity in patients with previously untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix [16].
• Gallium nitrate increases type I collagen and fibronectin mRNA and collagen protein levels in bone and fibroblast cells [17].
• Gallium nitrate possesses antineoplastic activity against certain solid tumors and has been demonstrated to be an effective agent in reducing cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in the medulloblastoma Daoy cell line in vitro [18].
• Gallium nitrate and spinal cord injury. A pilot study of efficacy using an experimental model [19].

Gene context of AIDS-072283

• Gallium nitrate exerts its antitumor effects via a transferrin binding mechanism [20].
• Gallium nitrate, at concentrations as low as 3 micrograms/ml, inhibited parathyroid hormone-stimulated calcium transients [21].
• Gallium nitrate suppresses lupus in MRL/lpr mice [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of AIDS-072283

• Gallium nitrate was administered in monthly cycles by daily subcutaneous injections (30 mg/m2/d) for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks with no therapy, supplemented by an intravenous infusion (100 mg/m2/d) for 5 days every other month [23].
• Gallium nitrate blocked acute rejection of cardiac allografts, and also blocked allosensitization of both self-restricted and allorestricted DTH responses, but did not influence the expression of DTH responses in presensitized mice [24].
• Gallium nitrate would appear to be indicated in symptomatic patients with cancer-related hypercalcaemia who have failed to respond to adequate rehydration [15].
• Gallium nitrate (GN) is immunosuppressive both in vitro and in vivo, and has potential for clinical use in transplant recipients [25].
• Gallium nitrate was shown in a small, randomized trial to attenuate the rate of bone loss in patients with myeloma treated with chemotherapy [26].

References