Disease relevance of C10927

• The antifouling boosting agent Irgarol 1051 is a strong inhibitor of the photosystem II (PSII) with high efficiency/toxicity towards algae [1].

High impact information on C10927

• The ability of Irgarol 1051 to compete for the antibody binding sites with 11 horseradish peroxidase enzyme tracers, differing in the chemical structures of the hapten, has been investigated [2].
• Optimum analytical SPME performance was achieved using the PDMS-DVB 65 microm fiber coating in ECD and FTD systems for Sea Nine 211 and Irgarol 1051, respectively [3].
• The development of an immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) procedure for the selective extraction of the anti-fouling agent Irgarol 1051 [2-(tert.-butylamino)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine] from seawater is described [4].
• Recent studies have shown that Irgarol 1051 inhibits coral photosynthesis at environmentally relevant concentrations, consistent with its mode of action as a photosystem II inhibitor [5].
• Indeed, class-specific biomass for chlorophytes as determined by CHEMTAX and microscopy were correlated (R2=0.53) which demonstrated an increase in both abundance and carbon content following exposures to Irgarol 1051 [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of C10927

• The following increasing order of toxicity was obtained: Cd < Zn < Cu < Diuron < Zn pyrithione < Irgarol 1051 [7].
• For these chemicals, toxicity appears to be in the order zinc pyrithione > Sea-Nine 211 > KH101 > copper pyrithione > TBTO > Diuron approximately = Irgarol 1051 > M1 [8].
• The toxicity of the anti-fouling biocides tributyltin (TBTO), copper, and Irgarol 1051 (irgarol) at nominal concentrations ranging from 10 to 10,000 microg l(-1) was investigated against the speed of encystment and successful formation of a protective cyst of the cercariae of Parorchis acanthus [9].

Biological context of C10927

• Identification and characterization of a new degradation product of Irgarol-1051 in mercuric chloride-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction and in coastal waters [10].
• For Irgarol 1051 especially plants appear to be sensitive; the mode of action is inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport [11].
• The data suggest Irgarol 1051 to be both prevalent in tropical marine ecosystems and a potent inhibitor of coral photosynthesis at environmentally relevant concentrations [12].
• Samples were analysed for copper, zinc, diuron and Irgarol 1051, and were collected in summer and winter in order to identify potential seasonal variations in concentrations [13].

Associations of C10927 with other chemical compounds

• Degradation of the antifouling compound Irgarol 1051 by manganese peroxidase from the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium [14].
• A comparative study of enzymatic and non-enzymatic labels combined with luminescence detection, developed for immunosensing of pesticide residues (carbaryl, 1-naphthol, irgarol 1051) in organic media, is presented [15].

Gene context of C10927

• Fv/Fm and growth were strongly affected by Irgarol 1051 exposure, but Hsp70 levels were unaltered following exposure to the herbicide [16].
• The main pollutants found in the sampled points were diuron and Irgarol 1051 that were detected at concentrations up to 2.19 micrograms l-1 and 0.33 microgram l-1, respectively [17].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of C10927

• Influence of the hapten design on the development of a competitive ELISA for the determination of the antifouling agent Irgarol 1051 at trace levels [2].
• Analysis of antifouling biocides Irgarol 1051 and Sea Nine 211 in environmental water samples using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography [3].
• A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) procedure for Irgarol 1051 (i.e. 2-(tert-butylamino)-4-(cyclopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine) determination in marine sediments, which minimises the solvent usage, is developed and compared to a conventional extraction technique (i.e. sonication) [18].
• Measurements of the stress imposed by a PSII inhibiting herbicide (Irgarol 1051) on the composition of a phytoplankton community was investigated by comparing chemotaxonomy, as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), optical microscopy and analytical flow cytometry (AFC) [6].
• Generation of antiserum to Irgarol 1051 and development of a sensitive enzyme immunoassay using a new heterologous hapten derivative [19].

References